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(9)非谓语动词—2023-2024学年初升高英语人教版(2019)精准链接(含解析)

日期:2024-06-26 科目:英语 类型:初中学案 查看:77次 大小:87967Byte 来源:二一课件通
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英语,链接,精准,2019,人教,年初
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(9)非谓语动词—2023-2024学年初升高英语人教版(2019)精准链接 知识衔接: 一、非谓语动词 1、定义: 在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为三种形式:不定式,动名词,和分词(分词包括现在分词和过去分词,过去分词只有一种形式)。 ★非谓语动词的否定式都是在其前直接加not。 2、非谓语动词的各种时态形式: 单谓语或动词短语: He works. He takes care of the baby. 情态动词/ 助动词+ v.: He will go to Shanghai. He didn't go to Shanghai. He has gone to Shanghai. 系动词+表语: You are students. You look smart. 3、非谓语动词使用的条件: 一个句子当中,已经存在一个主句(即有谓语动词), 又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时,这些动词就充当了非谓语动词。如: She had water delivered to her house. We noticed him enter the building. 4、非谓语动词的形式: 1)to do 不定式 2)V-ing: ①作为一个名词使用,称为动名词; ②作为一个形容词或副词使用,称为现在分词; 3)V-ed 过去分词 二、不定式与动名词做主语: (1)动名词做主语往往表示泛指的、 、一般的行为:不定式做主语常表示某次具体的行 为或将来的动作。如: Climbing mountains is great fun. To visit China is my next goal. (2) 不定式做主语,一般用 it 当形式主语,把作主语的不定式短语后置。如: It took me only five minutes to finish the job (3)动名词作主语有时用It作形式主语,把动名词置于句尾。常见于以下句型中: It's use/ good / fun doing... It's useful/ nice/ useless doing... 三、不定式与动名词做宾语: 1.下列动词后常跟不定式做宾语: want, wish, hope, expect, ask, afford, agree, choose, pretend, decide, happen, learn,offer, refuse, fail,plan, prepare, order, manage, promise,intend 等。如: He agreed to get someone to help us. They promised not to break the school rules again. 2.在下列动词或动词短语后常用动名词做宾语 admit, advise, allow, avoid, bear, cannot help, consider, delay, enjoy, finish, give up, imagine等 介词+ doing: 常考介词:at,in,on,of, off, for, from,up, about, without, to 等 例如:be good/expert at doing sth擅长做某事 insist on doing sth.坚持做某事 be tired of doing sth.厌烦做某事 put off doing sth.推迟做某事 give up doing sth.放弃做某事 【注意】既可以接 to do 也可以接 doing 但区别很大的情况 remember/forget(to do)要做(doing)做过 stop,go on(to do)两件事(doing)一件事 try to do尽力做;try doing尝试做 like/hate /love to do一次性; like /hate /love doing 长期 mean to do打算做什么,企图做什么;mean doing意味着 can't help to do不能帮忙做什么; can't help doing情不自禁做什么 四、不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词做表语 1.表示一定的概念,具有名词的性质时,不定式和动名词可以互换。如: My hobby is collecting/ to collect ancient coins. 2.若表示具体的、个别的动作或有将来含义时,一般用不定式。如: My wish is to find a part-time job this summer 3.现在分词和过去分词作表语具有形容词特征,也可以作为形容词。 但要注意二者的区别: 现在分词表主动意义,即"令人有某种感觉的",多用来修饰物:过去分词含有被动意义,即"人被引起某种感觉的",多用来指人、人的声音或表情。如: The party was very exciting They were very excited at the news. 五、不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词做定语 1,不定式做定语放在所修饰的名词后,表示未发生的 ... ...

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