第十五讲 虚拟语气-初高中英语衔接课学案

第十五讲 虚拟语气 考纲要求： 掌握虚拟语气的定义 学会虚拟语气在从句中的用法，掌握动词suggest, insist的特殊用法。 学会运用虚拟语气委婉地表达自己的观点。 知识点梳理： I. 虚拟语气的含义 虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示 II. 虚拟语气在从句中的用法 一、用在宾语从句中 1. He suggested that we ( should ) have a meeting. 一坚持 insist 二命令 order, command 三建议 suggest, advise, propose 四要求 request , require, demand, recommend +…that 从句（should do） 注意! ! ! 1. His expression suggested that he was frightened.他的表情表明他很害怕。 suggest 作“暗示、表明”解时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气. 2. Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything. insist 表示“坚 持说，坚持认为做过某事”时，宾语从句不用虚拟语气。 2. “wish +宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译为“但愿……” I wish it were spring all the year round. I wish I had attended your part yesterday. I wish you would go with us tomorrow. 1.动词过去式 （表“现在的假设”） 宾语从句 2.had done (表“过去的假设”) 3.would+动词原形（表“将来的假设”） 二、用在主语从句中 It is suggested that she should finish her homework this afternoon. 总结：It is suggested / ordered / demanded / required+ that主语从句中，从句要用虚拟语气. 三、用在If条件句中 ⑴与现在事实相反 If he had time, he would attend the meeting. ⑵与过去事实相反 If you had come yesterday, you would have met him. ⑶与将来事实相反 If he were here this evening, we would play cards. 总结： if引导的非真实条件句中，主从句发生的变化如下 If 非真实条件句 从句 主句 1.表“现在的假设” 动词过去式 Would/should do 2.表“过去的假设” had done Would/should have done 3.表“将来的假设” would+动词原形 Would do 四、作advice, suggestion, proposal, order, demand, request, requirement 等名词的表语从句和同位语从句 We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should ) have a meeting first. My advice is that he (should ) give up smoking first. 五、在It is (high) time (that)…“该到做某事的时候了”句型中从句中要用过去式 It is (high) time that we left . It is high time that we should leave.should do 六、用在 if only 引导的句子中 If only I were a bird! If only I had taken his advice. If only I would be admitted by Beijing university. 1.过去式（对现在的假设） 总结： If only + … 2.had done （对过去的假设） 3.would+动词原形（对将来的假设） 七、用在would rather 引导的宾语从句中 I would rather we stopped now . I would rather she had not done that yesterday. I would rather you didn’t come tomorrow. 1.过去式（表现在的假设） 总结： 谓语动词用 2.had done （表过去的假设） 3.过去式\would do（表将来的假设） 八、用在as if/ though引导的表语从句或状语从句中 He looks as if he were an artist. He speaks English so fluently as if he had studied English in England before. 1.过去式（表现在的假设） 谓语动词用 2.had done （表过去的假设） 3.would+动词原形（表将来的假设） 课后巩固与练习Practice 1.The two strangers talked as if they_____friends for years. (上海卷) 2.Jane’s pale face suggested that she _____ill, and her parents suggested that ... ...