第四讲 主谓一致-初高中英语衔接课学案

第四讲 主谓一致 考纲要求： 了解主谓一致的定义 学会正确使用动词的单复数，掌握主谓一致的原则 知识点梳理 Part one What is Subject-Verb Concord 定义：主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系，即主语后边的动词要和做主语的词或词组在人称和单复数上一致。 Part two According to the sentences below, sum up how to use Subject-Verb Concord 1. 就近一致：谓语动词的单复数与最近的主语保持一致。 ①You or he is right ②Either you or he is right. ③Not only he but also I am right. ④Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it. ⑤Not you but he is wrong. 2. 在there be句型中，谓语动词与最近的名词或代词保持一致。 ①There is a book and some pens on the desk. ②There are some pens and a book on the desk. 3. 就前原则：当并列主语由with, along with, together with, as well as, including , but, besides, in addition to 等短语连接时, 谓语动词和前面的主语保持一致 ①I, along with my sister am going to Shanghai next month. ②He, as well as I is absent from the meeting. 4. 当集体名词作主语时，指代“各个成员”时，谓语动词用复数；指代“集体概念”时，谓语动词则用单数。 ① Her family is small, but the family are advanced workers. ② Class is over and the class are all out for play. 类似的集体名词有crowd, team, group 等。 5. 当 “分数、 百分数、a lot/most/ plenty等意思为“许多”等词+of ”结构作主语时, 谓语动词形式根据of后面的名词而定。 ①80% of the water here is clean. ②Two thirds of the apples are fit to eat. ③A lot of students have gone to college. 注意! amount 和 quantity 修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于这个词本身。 ①Large quantities of waterare needed here. ②A large quantity of water is needed here. 6. 当“the +形容词”表示一类人作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 The rich are not always selfish. The wonded (wound) are being treated well.（key: the wounded） 7. the +n+ and +n +动词 指代同一概念，谓语动词要用单数形式 the +n+ and +the +n 动词 要用复数 ①The novelist and poet is going to Europe next year. （几个人去欧洲呢？） ②The novelist and the poet are going to Europe next year. （几个人去欧洲呢？） 8. 当时间、距离、金钱等名词复数作为整体看待时，谓语动词常用单数。 ①Twenty years is only a short time in human history. ②Thirty dollars is too high a price for the book. ③Fifteen miles seems like a long way to me. 9. 由不定式、现在分词等充当主语时，谓语动词常用单数。 ①To die for the people is a worthy death. ②Looking after the children is her full-time job. 10. 当不定代词（something, somebody, anything, no, every等）作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。 ①Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. 天下无难事，只怕有心人。 ②Somebody is looking for you. ③Anyone is forbidden to smoke here. 11. 当名词前有each、many a 、every、more than one等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数。 ①Each man and each woman is invited to the party. ②Many a student and teacher is watching the football match. ③Every hour and every minute is important. 12. 当成双成对出现的复数名词shoes, trousers, glasses 等作主语时，通常谓语动词用复数，但如果前面有a/the pair of；a/the suit of等词语时，则谓语动词要用单数 ... ...