2015年高考英语高频考点精讲精析精练-考点17科普类阅读理解

2015年高考英语二轮复习精讲精析精练-考点17科普类阅读理解 【母题再现】 题型介绍： 材料特点这类文章的总体特点是：科技词汇多，句子结构复杂，理论性强，逻辑严谨。具体说来它有以下几个特点：1. 文章中词汇的意义比较单一、稳定、简明，不带感彩，具有单一性和准确性的特点。这类文章通常不会出现文学英语中采用的排比、比喻、夸张等修辞手法，一词多义的现象也不多见。2. 句子结构较复杂，语法分析较困难。为了描述一个客观事物，严密地表达自己的思想，作者经常会使用集多种语法现象于一体的长句。3. 常使用被动语态，尤其是一些惯用被动句式。 命题形式： 命题特点科普类阅读的主要命题形式有事实细节题、词义猜测题、推理判断题以及主旨概括题等，其中推理判断题居多。 高考选题： 题型1： [2014·广东卷] D Scientists today are making greater effort to study ocean currents(洋流). Most do it using satellites and other hightech equipment. However, ocean expert Curtis Ebbesmeyer does it in a special way—by studying movements of random floating garbage. A scientist with many years' experience, he started this type of research in the early 1990s when he heard about hundreds of athletic shoes washing up on the shores of the north-west coast of the United States. There were so many shoes that people were setting up swap_meets to try and match left and right shoes to sell or wear. Ebbesmeyer found out in his researches that the shoes—about 60，000 in total—fell into the ocean in a shipping accident. He phoned the shoe company and asked if they wanted the shoes back. As expected, the company told him that they didn't. Ebbesmeyer realized this could be a great experiment. If he learned when and where the shoes went into the water and tracked where they landed, he could learn a lot about the patterns of ocean currents. The Pacific Northwest is one of the world's best areas for beachcombing(海滩搜寻) because winds and currents join here, and as a result, there is a group of serious beachcombers in the area. Ebbesmeyer got to know a lot of them and asked for their help in collecting information about where the shoes landed. In a year he collected reliable information on 1，600 shoes. With this data, he and a colleague were able to test and improve a computer programme designed to model ocean currents, and publish the findings of their study. As the result of his work, Ebbesmeyer has become known as the scientist to call with questions about any unusual objects found floating in the ocean. He has even started an association of beachcombers and ocean experts, with 500 subscribers from West Africa to New Zealand. They have recorded all lost objects ranging from potatoes to golf gloves. 41. The underlined phrase “swap meets” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “_____”． A. fitting rooms B. trading fairs C. business talks D. group meetings 42. Ebbesmeyer phoned the shoe company to find out _____． A. what caused the shipping accident B. when and where the shoes went missing C. whether it was all right to use their shoes D. how much they lost in the shipping accident 43. How did Ebbesmeyer prove his assu ... ...