高考英语专项 语法 时态 21 被动句之单宾语 讲解+练习+答案

The Passive Voice 被动句之单宾语 An active sentence like I drank two cups of coffee has the subject first (the person or thing that does the verb), followed by the verb, and finally the object (the person or thing that the action happens to). So, in this example, the subject is 'I', the verb is 'drank' and the object is 'two cups of coffee'. 先看一个我们常见的主动句： I drank coffee. 主语 谓语动词 宾语 我 喝了 咖啡。 标准的“主谓宾”（xx做xx）结构的句子中，首先是主语（动作发出者），然后是 动词，最后是宾语（动作接收者），这就是“主动句”。 所以，在以上例子中，主语是“I”，动词是“drank”，宾语是“coffee”。 But, we don't always need to make sentences this way. We might want to put the object first, or perhaps we don't want to say who did something. This can happen for lots of reasons (see the explanation further down the page). In this case, we can use a passive, which puts the object first: Two cups of coffee were drunk (we can add 'by me' if we want, but it isn't necessary). 但是，我们并不是非得这样造句。有时我们也可能想先说出动作的接收者，或者我 们不想说谁做了什么。这样做有很多原因（请参阅后面的解释）。在这种情况下， 我们就可以使用“被动句”，它将动作接收者放在第一位： Coffee was drunk. 咖啡 被 喝了。 如果愿意，我们也可以在句子最后面加上by me（由我），表示动作的发出者，当 然这取决于表达的需要： Coffee was drunk by me 咖啡 被我 喝了。 How to make the Passive in English 各个时态对应的主动句（do） Past Present Future 过去 现在 将来 Simple I played the game. I play the game. I will play the game. 一般 He plays the game. Progressive I will be playing the I was playing the game. I am playing the game. 进行 game. I have played the Perfect game. I will have played the I had played the game. 完成 He has played the game. game. I have been playing the Perfect I had been playing the game. I will have been playing Progressive game. He has been playing the game. 完成进行 the game. 各个时态对应的被动句（do） Past Present Future 过去 现在 将来 Simple The game was played The game is played by The game will be played 一般 by me. me. by me. Progressive The game was being The game is being The game will be being 进行 played by me. played by me. played by me. Perfect The game had been The game has been The game will have 完成 played by me. played by me. been played by me. Exercise 练习 Make the sentences passive. 将下列主动句变成被动句。 1 Somebody sends an email. 2 Somebody often steals cars. 3 Somebody loves Judy. 4 She cuts her hair. 5 Somebody found the key. 6 Somebody forgot the book. 7 Somebody closed the door. 8 Judy told me to do so. 9 Somebody has watered the plants. 10 Somebody has killed the President. 11 Somebody has fired Tim. 12 Judy has downloaded all the songs. 13 Somebody will process your application. 14 Somebody will elaborate on that. 15 Somebody will take your order. 16 Tim will prepare everything for you. 17 The Government is planning a new road. 18 Van Gogh was painting Starry Night at that time. 19 Judy had read two books before that. 20 By ... ...