Unit 10 I've had this bike for three years. 知识点讲解和练习 人教版八年级英语下册（无答案）

Unit 10 I've had this bike for three years. 语法版块 现在完成时专题(三) 瞬间与延续 一 . 现在完成时中 for 和 since 用法，它们用于现在完成时里表示动作或状态从 过去某时开始， 一直延续至今，还可能延续下去。 (1)“for+ 时间段”和 “since+过去时间点或过去时间状语从句”都表示时间段，对它们引导 的时间状语都用 how long 提问。 e.g: I have been very sad since last Sunday.(对划线部分提问) you been very sad Tina has been away from home for five years. (对划线部分提问) Tina been away from home (2)since 是现在完成时的标志。 e.g.Betty hard since last term.That's why her exam results are so good. A.will work B.worked C.was working D.has worked (3)句型"Itis/It has been+一段时间+since 从句(从句的谓语动词用瞬间性动词的一般过 去式)"表示 如： The old man died two years ago. =The old man has been dead = two years the old man died. 二 . 瞬 间性动词与延续性动词之间的转换：如果现在完成时的句子中含表示时 间段的时间状语(如： since/for 引导的时间状语或状语从句),则谓语只能使用 延续性动词。因此，当句子里的时间状语变为 since/for 的时间状语时，瞬间动 词要变成相应的延续性动词。 (1)直接换成延续性动词 lend/borrow--keep, buy --have, put on→ wear, come/go/become--be,catch a cold →have a cold, (2)转换成be+名词 join the Party--be a member of+团队 be in the Party,join the army--be a soldier (3)转换成 be+形容词 die --be dead,finish --be over,begin/start --be on,leave --be away (from),fall asleep --be asleep,wake up--be awake,fall ill --be ill,open/close--be open/closed, marry--be married (4)转换成 be+介词短语/或其他 get to/arrive/reach --be(in),join the army--be in the army,go (get)out →be out e.g.1.The old man died 4 years ago. =The old man for 4 years. = 4 years the old man died. 2.He joined the Party 2 years ago. =He in the Party 2 years. 3.I bought the book 5 days ago. =I the book 5 days. 三、 注意事项 (1)区别have/has been to 和 have/has gone to Have/has been(to)表示“去过某地(人现在已经回来了)”通常与once,never,several times 等连用。 Have/has gone(to)表示“去了某地(人还没有回来)” 如 ：They have to Beijing twice.他们去过北京两次。 He has to Beijing. 他去北京了。(还没有回来) (2)瞬间动词是不是绝对不能用于完成时呢 A. 在没有 for+ 时间段来限制动作持续时间的时候，可以用瞬间动词的! 1.I have bought the book. 2.He has died /has married /joined the army. B. 瞬间动词的否定式是一个持续概念，可以和一段时间搭配。 如： I haven't left here(yet)since 1997. 自从1997年以来，我一直没有离开过这儿。 专项练习 一 . 单项选择 1.Dayid Shanghai for more than three months. A.came to B.has been to C.has been in D.has come to 2.--Is your father a Party member --Yes,he the party three years ago.He a Party member for three years. A.joined;has been B.has joined;has been C.was joined;is D.joined;was 3.--What a nice bike!How long you it --Just five weeks. A.will;buy B.did;buy C.are;having D.have;had 4.I this book for a week .I have to return it now. A.borrowed B.have borrowed C.kept D.have kept 5.-- your sister in Green China for a long time --Yes.She joined it five years ago. A.Has;been B.Have;been C.Has;joined D.H ... ...