牛津译林版（2019）必修 第一册Units 1-2 语法复习：句子成分、句型、句子结构讲义

必修一U1U2语法复习：句子成分、句型、句子结构 句子成分 （9） 主语(S) 、谓语(V) 、宾语(O) 、表语(P) 、定语(Att) 、状语(A) 、补足语(C) 、同位语和 插入语。其中，主语和谓语是句子的主干，是句子的核心。 定语(Att) 定语修饰名词或代词，用来说明人或事物的品质和特征，单个词作定语通常放在被修饰词的前面；短语或从句作定语时，放在被修饰词之后。 找出下列句中的定语： He is one of the most popular teachers in our school.他是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。 Excuse me， is this your bag 打扰一下，这是你的包吗 I've got so much teaching experience.我获得了许多教学经验。 There are five people in my family.我家有五口人。 The woman outside the room is my mother.屋外的妇女是我的妈妈。 Mozi founded the philosophy called Mohism.墨子创立了墨家学说。 Health care is free for everyone living in Britain.每个英国居民都享有免费保健服务。 It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.它含有一种强效的药物防治蚊虫叮咬。 问题：哪些成分能够做定语？ 状语(A) 状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征。一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、程度、伴随等意义。 找出下列句中的状语： He always goes to bed late.他总是睡觉很晚。 There is a house between the two trees.两棵树之间有一栋房子。 Seeing his mother，the boy ran towards her.男孩一看见妈妈就跑过去了。 We canceled the football match because of the heavy rain.因为暴雨我们取消了足球赛。 It got dark when they got back home.他们到家时，天已经黑了。 I’ ll do some shopping tomorrow.明天我要去购物。 问题：哪些成分能够做状语？ 表语（P） 表语说明主语的身份、特征和状态等，位于系动词之后， 构成系表结构。 系动词：感官 变 不变 似乎 表明 是 感官5:look, sound, smell, taste, feel 变7:become, go, get, grow, turn, fall,come 不变3: stay, keep, remain 似乎2: seem, appear 表明2: prove, turn out 是1: be 找出下列句中的表语： My ideal job is to be a journalist.我理想的工作是当一名记者。 The cakes smell delicious. The maple leaves have turned red. Everything will turn out all right in the end. Keep calm and patient in case of emergency. 补足语(C) 包括宾语补足语和主语补足语，对宾语或主语起补充说明的作用。 常见的能带复合宾语的动词有： 看听感 see, notice, watch, hear, smell, feel, consider, think,want, expect 使得 have, make, let, get，keep 发现 find, catch 其他 allow, ask, cause,tell, wish They called /him /the prince of gymnasts.他们称他为体操王子。 We found /the ruins / interesting.我们发现废墟很有趣。 Wear more clothes to keep /yourself /warm. We invite /you/ to bring your family and friends.我们邀请您带上亲朋好友。 I’ve never heard /the word/ used in spoken English.我从未听到这个词用在英语口语中。 I saw /my best friend /chatting with another girl.我看到我最好的朋友和另一个女孩聊天。 He/ was caught /cheating on the exam.他考试作弊被抓了。 练习： Ⅰ.指出下列画线部分是什么成分。 1.Studying English is very important. 2.Chinese people are brave and hard-working. 3.Doctors often advise us to pay more attention to our diets. 4.It's obvious that he was wrong. 5.The patients expressed their gratitude to the doctor. 6.My class ... ...