2024届高考英语 语法填空查缺补漏（三年真题 12所名校模考题）（解析版）

专题01 语法填空查缺补漏 ·模块一 2021-2023年秋季高考真题特训 ·模块二 谓语/非谓语 ·模块三 介词 ·模块四 连词 ·模块五 代词 ·模块六 2024届上海四校八校模考特训 2021年6月秋季高考真题 The Spread of Disease Traveling from one city to another can lead to the spread of disease. When people arrive in a new place , they may bring in bacteria that ( 21)_____( not be) present in the past. The people there have no natural protection ( 22) _____these new bacteria, so they catch the disease more easily. (23)_____ it is unfamiliar, health workers may not identify it or stop it from spreading. People with the disease may continue to have contact with others. In this way, the bacteria travel from person to person through the population. This was ( 24 )_____happened, for example, when soldiers travelled back home at the end of the First World War. These soldiers brought with them the Spanish flu, and ( 25 )_____cost millions of lives. Heating and cooling systems in buildings can also be a source of disease. Take old air conditioners in windows as an example. They tend to collect dirt and water, which makes it easy for bacteria (26)_____( grow). Then when the air-conditioner ( 27 )_____(turn) on, the bacteria will be blown into the home or office and make people sick. Bacteria grow fast in the water of the cooling towers. They are then sent throughout the building with the air conditioning and can affect anyone in the building. Scientists first recognized this problem in July 1976, by (28)_____ time 221 people had become seriously ill.. Pollution of the oceans can also be a factor in spreading disease. The pollution may be caused by fertilizers that wash into rivers and then into the ocean, or by human waste (29) _____ ( dump ) directly into the ocean with no processing. These pollutants result in the increased growth of tiny plants that are called algae (海藻). They can form a thick mass in the water, (30) _____( provide ) a perfect environment for cholera , a fatal disease. 【答案】21.were not 22.against 23. Because/ Since/ As 24. what 25. it/ that to grow 27. is tuned 28. which 29. dumped 30. providing 【答案详解】 were not 【解析】考查一般过去时的否定结构。根据句子结构分析，该空所处句子结构为定语从句，修饰 bacteria，但是bacteria 为名词复数形式(类似data)，又根据此处的时间状语 in the past 可知，此处需要填入一般过去时态，且该句为陈述句，故此处填入 were not。此题作为新高考英语的创新型试题，考查同学们语篇语境下的语法应用能力。Be作为助动词，其与后面的表语一起构成谓语结构。 22.against 【解析】考查介词。结合该空前后的相关内容，可推知，此处想要表达的是“人们没有对抗细菌的天然保护，所以更容易感染这种疾病”，再结合句子结构，此处短语作后置定语修饰protection，而 against 有“反对”之意，符合句意，故此处填入 against。 23.Because/ Since/ As 【解析】考查原因状语从句。结合下文可知，该句下文讲述的是相关结果，即推知前文在讲述原因。再结合句子结构分析，该空所在句子结构完整，且与主句用逗号隔开，即此处为状语从句，故此处填入 Because/ Since/As 引导原因状语从句。 24.what 【解析】考查表 ... ...