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课件网) 句子成分和基本句型结构 Discovering useful strictures 句子成分 主语 Subject S 谓语 Verb V 宾语 Object O 表语 Predicative P 状语 Adverbial A 间接宾语 Indirect object ID 直接宾语 Direct object DO 宾语补足语 Object complement OC 定语 Attributive A 双宾语 主语是一句话的主体，表明句子说的是谁或是什么。 e.g. The whole class loved Mrs. Wang. S 谓语使用来说明主语做什么、是什么、怎么样。由动词充当，放在主语之后。 e.g. The whole class loved Mrs. Wang. V 宾语是动作的承受者，是一种联系的对象。常放在及物动词（vt）或介词（prep）后面。 e.g. The whole class loved Mrs. Wang. O 表语是表明主语是什么、怎么样，跟在系动词后常常用来表示一种状态。 e.g. She was an exchange student last year. e.g. The apple tasted sweet. P P 系动词： “五感五变三保持，似乎是加形容词” 系动词： “五感五变三保持，似乎是加形容词” 五感（五个感官动词）: look, sound, smell, taste, feel 五变（五个表改变的动词）: become, get, turn, go, come 三保持（三个表保持的动词）: keep, stay, remain 似乎 : seem, appear 是 : be 状语常用来修饰形容词、动词、副词、整个句子。 e.g. She was an exchange student last year. 系 P 表语 A 状语 定语用来修饰限定名词或代词。 e.g. She was an outgoing exchange student last year. e.g. The boy in blue is Tom. 定语 名词 名词 定语 当一个句子里有两个宾语时，指物的叫直接宾语，指人的叫间接宾语。（“直物间人”） e.g. He lent me his dictionary. S V IO DO 宾语补足语是用来对宾语进行补充说明，使句子意义完整。 e.g. I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. S V O C All of us laughed! I miss my grandpa. The teacher was kind and friendly. He told us a funny story. S V O DO S V P S 系V IO S V I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. He talked too much. OC O S V A S V I had my first maths class at senior high school. There’s a lot to explore at senior high. A O S V There be 句型（遵循“就近一致原则”） The 100-year-old school lies in the centre of the city. We must act. The maths homework looks easy. The teacher found the classroom empty. SVA SA SVP SVOC My mum bought me a new dictionary. Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange student. There is an English Corner at our school. We had chemistry in the newly built lab. SVIODO SVO There be SVOA Group work 1 (1) 2 (1) 3 (1.5) 4 (0.5) 5 (1) Group work Tim and his classmates are living on a ship! They also learn about ships and the sea. Tim writes his parents an email every week and tells them what happened on the ship. Group work There’s always something exciting to do. Studying and doing homework seem much more fun.
