2024年高考英语二轮复习专题：完形填空（上海专用）（原卷版+解析版）

2024年高考英语二轮复习专题：完形填空（上海专用） 2023·上海秋考·真题 III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Doctors are scientists who operate in a world of statistics, odds and probability. Yet they’ve long been taught that when dealing with patients they should convey a reassuring level of confidence and certainty. (41)_____, patients expect their doctors to give them a clear diagnosis and a straightforward course of treatment. But now that information about every medical condition imaginable is just a few clicks away, experts are asking whether doctors' apparent (42) _____ when communicating with their patients actually does more harm than good. With the information overload brought by the progress of medicine and technology answers are (43) _____ black or white. Medical schools are only just starting to teach doctors how to deal with this, and patients' expectations haven't (44) _____, either. “Medicine has always fallen short of the sort of certainty that we find in math and geometry”, says Dr. Ross Upshur, a researcher at the Dalla Lana School of Public Health in Toronto. “If you think about knowledge and what it does, it’s about (45) _____ uncertainty, not about creating certainty. ” Doctors in training, like gamblers, need to be (46) _____ working in a field in which they’re constantly weighing the odds based on a myriad of factors. When Upshur teaches medical students how to diagnose an ailment(小恙), he tells them to (47) _____ their inquiry -- come up with a list of possibilities, rather than quickly home in on a single solution. “Even when you make a diagnosis that you think is firm, you usually don’t have certainty about what would be the best (48) _____ and what the outcomes will be in the long run.” Technology has helped (49) _____ the quest for certainty. We are reaching a point where we can feed a list of symptoms into a computer and get a more (50) _____ diagnosis than from a doctor. Dr. Richard Schwartzstein, a professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School, sees such developments as both a/an (51) _____ and an opportunity. On one hand, he says, “technology tries to push you to a/an (52) _____ level of certainty. Do this test to get a 99 percent level of certainty that you have this disease. ” On the other hand, computers can’t (53) _____ a diagnosis or a treatment to patients in a comforting way. Take a routine screening test for early-stage lung cancer. Based on your age, your smoking status, and your gender, a computer can do a great job of evaluating the chances of finding a cancerous nodule (癌症结节). It can also (54) _____ quite precisely the risk of developing an actual cancer based on the size and shape of a nodule. What it can’t do, (55) _____, is decide how to break the news that you have a nodu ... ...