2024届高三英语二轮复习高阶思维类阅读题型梳理及应对策略 讲义 素材

高阶思维类题型梳理及应对策略 新高考试题要求学生有在真实的情境中解决复杂问题的能力。新高考题处处彰显着无价值，不入题；无思维，不命题；无情境，不成题的典型特征。 在梳理学生做2023年高考英语真题中的错误时，我们惊讶地发现，约60%的后进生、40%的中等生、20%的尖子生在面对"高阶思维类题型"时，容易出错。 鉴于此，我们以2023全国新课标I卷为研究对象，从三类群体生中请来思维清晰、表达力较好的学生就"高阶思维类题型"的做题思路和出错原因进行讨论、做出诊断，找出错题背后的普遍性规律，并就如何提高该类型题目答题正确率提出实操性办法。 一.信息对标误差 信息对标误差指的是，考生对文本意义的理解与文本本身要传达的意义存在时间、空间、数量、范围、对象、程度、人物、事物上的误差。 1.对象差 【阅读A篇-21题】 (原文) MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake, bikes with child seats, and children's bikes. (题目) What is an advantage of MacBike B.It offers many types of bikes.(正确选项) D.It has over 2,500 rental shops.(强干扰项) 【思维诊断】不少选择D项的同学只关注数量(2,500)一致，却忽略了对象。文本含义是2,500辆自行车，不是2,500家出租店。 2.人物差 【完形填空-49题】 (原文) Bailey then bent down to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get medical attention. Once there, Lenoue was___ and later taken to a hospital. (题目) 49 B.assessed(正确选项) D.appreciated(强干扰项) 【思维诊断】不少选择D项的同学认为做好事应该受到感激，但实际上做好事应该被感激的是Bailey，而不是Lenoue。 Lenoue是受伤者，应该被医生评估伤情，再送往医院。 3.主客观差 【阅读B篇-25题】 (原文) The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge(污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. (题目) Why did John put the sludge into the tanks B.To build an ecosystem.(强干扰项) D.To test the eco-machine.(正确选项) 【思维诊断】B选项呈现的是过程中的自然发生，属于客观；本题题目问的是John的主观目的，与D项吻合。 4.人物事物差 【阅读D篇-34题】 (原文) In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates Did they follow those least willing to change their minds This happened some of the time, ... ...