专题11 完形填空 完形填空是近年来全国英语中考一直采用的一种综合性很强的测试题型。完形填空涉及的知识面广，灵活性较高。它不仅能测试考生的英语知识水平和对所学知识的综合运用能力，而且能反映出考生的阅读理解能力，分析判断能力和逻辑推理能力。 完形填空通常选用一篇250个单词左右的短文，一般采用故事体裁，尽量避免专业性太强的文章。 完形填空要求考生既要运用自己所学过的词汇、习惯用语、固定搭配、语法、句法等基础知识理解每个句子，又要处理好句子与句子之间以及句子与全文之间的内在联系，主要测试考生在具体语言环境中把握文章的篇章结构、中心思想和推理判断、词语辨析、习惯用法或固定搭配等方面的能力，以及对所学英语知识的综合运用能力、 快速阅读理解能力和逻辑推理判断能力等，因而该题型能较全面地反映考生对所学知识的掌握程度。 完形填空题以考查实词为主，主要包括名词、动词、形容词、副词及相关短语。从近几年的广州市、北京中考试题来看，完形填空越来越强调对上下文以及通篇文章的理解 完形填空题侧重对语言应用能力、阅读理解能力的考查。它的知识构建主要这几个方面 （1）从词语层面：主要考词语辨析、固定搭配与习惯表达； （2）从句子层面：主要考句子意义的逻辑性与合理性； （3）从篇章层面：主要考篇章的连贯和句与句之间的意义关系。 题材 日常生活 ②幽默故事 ③著名人物 ④文化习俗 ⑤科普知识 ⑥…… 文体 记叙文（重点考查） ②说明文 ③议论文 （2023·广州） Almost everyone has a dream job, and for Susan, it is being a whale (鯨) trainer at her city’s aquarium (水族馆). Last year, Susan finally had a (n) ____16____, but it was more than just signing up. People who wanted this job had to take part in a competition. They need to show how ____17____ they could go down into the seven-metre-deep pool that housed the whales and how long they could stay there. The one who could reach the deepest and stay the longest underwater would get the job. Susan signed up to try out, and everything went ____18____ at first. But then, as she went down to about five metres under the icy water, her legs stopped ____19____. The cold water caused a huge pain in her legs. She was unable to swim back to the surface. She was in great fear and couldn’t think. This only caused her to ____20____ farther into the pool. Just as Susan ____21____ hope, she suddenly felt herself being pushed to the surface. It was Mila, a whale in the pool. She noticed Susan’s ____22____, held her leg in her mouth and pushed Susan up to the surface. Susan was ____23____, thanks to Mila’s quick action. The aquarium spokesperson said Susan was really ____24____, because Mila had realized Susan needed help before any of the working group did, which saved valuable time. “Whales are ____25____ animals—they live and play together. In the wild, they show great interest in humans and often swim close to boats and divers.” 16. A. chance B. job C. dream D. idea 17. A. soon B. far C. often D. hard 18. A. close B. deep C. late D. well 19. A. trying B. hurting C. working D. resting 20. A. drop B. swim C. jump D. search 21. A. gave away B. gave in C. gave out D. gave up 22. A. look B. trouble C. move D. place 23. A. changed B. lost C. chosen D. saved 24. A. lucky ... ...
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