(
课件网) Unit 3 Language in use 被动语态(1)———一般现在时的被动语态 一、英语中的语态 1.定义:语态是表示句子主语和谓语动词的关系。 2.分类:主动语态和被动语态 语态 We use computers every day.我们每天用电脑。(主动语态) Computers are used by us every day.电脑每天被我们使用。(被动语态) 二、一般现在时的被动语态的句型结构 句式 构成 肯定句 主语+am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词(+by...). 否定句 主语+am/is/are+not+及物动词的过去分词(+by...). 一般疑问句 Am/Is/Are+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+by...) 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+by...) This article is written by Lao She. 这篇文章是老舍写的。 This article isn’t written by Lao She. 这篇文章不是老舍写的。 Is this article written by Lao She 这篇文章是老舍写的吗 Who/Whom is this article written by 这篇文章是谁写的 三、被动语态的用法 下列三种情况经常使用被动语态来表达: 强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者 The blackboard is cleaned every day.黑板天天被擦。 不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者 Those tables are made of wood.那些桌子是由木头制成的。 当动作的执行者不是“人”时 We’re stopped at home by the heavy rain. 大雨把我们困在家里。 四、主、被动语态的转化 主动句:主语+及物动词+宾语 被动句:主语+be+及物动词的过去分词+by+宾语 主语 谓语 宾语 主动语态: Tom waters flowers every day. 被动语态: Flowers are watered by Tom every day. [易错警示] 1.在主动语态中,动词make,let,hear,see,watch和notice等后跟省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,但在被动语态中,to不可以省略。 We often hear her play the violin.我们经常听到她拉小提琴。 →She is often heard to play the violin.她经常被听到拉小提琴。 2.含有双宾语的主动语态的句子中,在变成被动语态时,既可以把主动语态中的直接宾语变成被动语态的主语,也可以把间接宾语变为被动语态的主语。 I often send some cards to my friends at Christmas. 我经常在圣诞节送给我的朋友一些卡片。 →Some cards are often sent to my friends by me at Christmas.或My friends are often sent some cards by me at Christmas. 3.不及物动词(组)无被动语态。如:come true,happen,take place等。 In the past few years,great changes have taken place in my home town. 在过去的几年里,我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。 Ⅰ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 1.(2022泰州)Jiangsu automatic(自动化) test of listening and speaking (hold) in April every year. 2.It (say) that The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is a good book. 3.Usually computers (use) to get information on the Internet. 4.I (ask) to clean the classroom every day by my teacher. is held is said are used am asked 5.As China grows stronger and stronger,Chinese _ (teach) in many other countries. is taught Ⅱ.单项选择 ( )6.(2022北京)On our farm,the tea leaves by hand when they are ready. A.pick B.picked C.are picked D.were picked ( )7.(2023河北)Breakfast every day for people aged over 60 for free in this village. A.provides B.provided C.is provided D.was provided ( )8.(2022百色)Chinese by more and more people in the world. A.speak B.speaks C.is speaking D.is spoken D C ... ...
