定语从句详细用法和练习学案（含答案）

定语从句详细用法和练习学案 一、定语从句的定义 定语从句是在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句，它起到定语的作用，对先行词进行限定或描述。 二、定语从句的构成 先行词 + 关系词（关系代词或关系副词）+ 定语从句 三、关系代词的用法 1. who：用于指代人，在从句中作主语。 例如：The man who is standing there is my father. 2. whom：用于指代人，在从句中作宾语，常可省略。 例如：The man whom I met yesterday is very nice. 3. that：既可以指代人也可以指代物，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。 例如：The book that I bought is very useful. The man that is talking to her is my teacher. 4. which：用于指代物，在从句中作主语、宾语等。 例如：The house which is near the river is very beautiful. 5. whose：表示所属关系，“……的”，既可指人也可指物。 例如：The man whose car was stolen called the police. The book whose cover is red is mine. 四、关系副词的用法 1. when：在从句中表示时间，作时间状语。 例如：I still remember the day when we met. 2. where：在从句中表示地点，作地点状语。 例如：This is the place where I grew up. 3. why：在从句中表示原因，作原因状语，通常先行词是 reason。 例如：The reason why he was late is that he missed the bus. 五、定语从句的特殊情况 1. 只能用 that 而不能用其他关系代词的情况： 先行词是不定代词 all, anything, nothing, something 等。 先行词被最高级或序数词修饰。 先行词既有人又有物。 先行词被 the only, the very 等修饰。 2. 关系代词的省略：在限制性定语从句中，当关系代词在从句中作宾语时通常可以省略。 六、练习部分 （一）用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空。 1. The man ____ I saw yesterday is my uncle. 2. The book ____ I bought last week is very interesting. 3. The place ____ we met is very memorable. 4. I still remember the day ____ I came to this school. 5. The reason ____ he gave is not reasonable. （二）把下列句子合并成定语从句。 1. The woman is a nurse. I saw her yesterday. 2. The book is very good. I bought it last week. 3. The city is very beautiful. I lived there for 5 years. （三）单项选择。 1. The man ____ is talking to my father is my teacher. A. who B. whom C. that D. which 2. The book ____ I put on the table is gone. A. that B. which C. whose D. where 3. The day ____ I was born is a special day. A. when B. where C. why D. which 4. This is the reason ____ I came late. A. why B. which C. that D. for which 5. The house ____ door is red is mine. A. whose B. which C. that D. where （四）翻译下列句子。 1. 我喜欢那个正在唱歌的女孩。 2. 这就是我昨天买的那本书。 3. 他忘记了我们见面的那个地方。 4. 她给出的理由不能让人信服。 5. 那个窗户朝南的房间是我的。 七、拓展练习 （一）分析下列句子中的定语从句，并指出先行词、关系词及其在从句中的作用。 1. The man who came to see me yesterday is my old friend. 2. The book that I bought at the bookstore is very useful. 3. The place where we had the picnic last week is very beautiful. （二）根据所给提示，用定语从句完成句子。 1. The person ____ is very kind. (help me) 2. The movie ____ is very interesting. (see last night) 3. The place ____ is a famous tourist attraction. (visit last year) 答案： （一）1. whom/that；2. that/which；3. where； ... ...