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课件网) 少出门 多通风 勤洗手 戴口罩 Lesson 87-88 A car crash 目录 Grammar 1 Vocabulary 2 Text 3 Grammar Lesson 88 Have you … yet 1. 现在完成时的用法 (1) 表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。如： -Have you had lunch yet -Yes, I have. I‘ve just had it. 你（已经）吃午饭了吗？ 我刚刚吃过。（现在我不饿了） (2) 表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止, 可能仍然在进行。常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。 He has taught here since 1981. 他自1981年就在这儿教书。 I haven't seen her for four years. 我有四年没见到她了。 (3) 表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作, 现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语“过”，常带有twice , ever, never, three times 等时间状语。 I have been to Beijing twice. 我去过北京两次。 2. 现在完成时的构成 现在完成时是由助动词 have (has)+动词的过去分词构成。助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。过去分词是主要的谓语动词，说明句子的意义。 肯定句式：主语+have (has)+done 否定句式： 主语+have (has)+not + done 一般疑问句：Have (Has)+主语+ done ？ 特殊疑问句：特疑词+ have (has)+主语+ done ？ 3.现在完成时的时间状语 (1) 现在完成时属于现在时范围，故不能和过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday, last Sunday,in1990, three years ago等。 (2) 现在完成时可以和带有since或for等表示“一段时间”的状语连用,表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在。 eg：I haven‘t seen him for two years. 但是，像come,arrive,buy等终止性动词不能与表示“一段时间”的状语连用。要用，必须改为“be（在）”等延续性动词来表述。 4.非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换 arrive→be here begin(start)→be on die →be dead come back→be back leave →be away fall ill(sick,asleep)→be get up→be up join →be in或 be a member of… open →be open go out →be out finish →be over put on →wear 或be on close →be closed go to school→be a student borrow →keep buy →have catch(a cold)→ have(a cold) get to know →know begin to study→study come to work→work等 时态 用法 动词形式 时间状语标志词 例句 一般现在时 一般，经常，习惯，真理 原形/三单am/is /are; dodoes every day, always, usually, often, sometimes, I often read books. He likes music 一般过去时 过去发生的事，不强调对现在的影响 过去式was/were, did yesterday, last--, --ago, after-- I was there last month. I went to Paris last year. 现在完成时 过去发生的事对现在的影响，或从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态 have/has+过去分词 already, just (肯定句中)；never（肯定句中表否定）；ever(疑问句中) I have already been to Paris. I have just been there. I have never been there. 1. Where is Frank now He___his bike in the yard. A. repairs B. repairing C. is repairing D. repaired 2.-- ____I borrow your MP3 --Sure. Here you are. A. May B.Should C. Must D. Would 3. My cousin has changed a lot. She ... ...
