人教版（2019）必修 第二册 Unit 1 Cultural Heritage Discovering Useful Structures 同步学案（学生版+教师版）

02 Discovering useful structures ( 目标导航 ) ( 知识精讲 ) 【核心词汇】 1．entrance n．入口；进入 (教材p.6)We met a professional archaeologist at the entrance to the Great Pyramid. 我们在金字塔入口处遇到了一位专业的考古学家。 (1)the entrance to ...　　　　　 ……的入口 the College Entrance Examination 高考 (2)enter vi.& vt. 进入 [佳句] I am very delighted to tell you something about the College Entrance Examination. 我很高兴告诉你一些关于高考的事情。 He passed the College Entrance Examination, which made his parents very proud. 他通过了大学入学考试，这使他父母非常自豪。 [联想] “the＋名词＋to”结构 the answer to ...　　　　　�———�…的答案 the key to ... ……的关键 the solution to ... ……的方法 2．process n．过程；进程；步骤vt.处理；加工 (教材p.6)He explained to us the process of building such a difficult structure. 他向我们解释了建造如此艰难的结构的过程。 (1)in the process　　　　　　　 同时;在……过程中 in the process of 在……过程中 in process 在进行中 (2)be processed into ……被制成 [佳句] Her novel is in the process of being turned into a television series. 她的小说正在被拍成电视连续剧的过程中。 Compared with learning one's own mother tongue, the process of learning any foreign language seems to be especially hard and long. 与学习母语相比，学习任何一门外语的过程都显得特别艰辛和漫长。 【语法解析】 “缺什么，补什么”，准确选用关系词 一.看先行词 1．如果先行词指人，且定语从句中缺少主语，限制性定语从句中用who/that，非限制性定语从句中用who。 2．如果先行词指人，且定语从句中缺少宾语，限制性定语从句中用who/that/whom，非限制性定语从句中用whom。 3．如果先行词指物，且定语从句中缺少主语或宾语，限制性定语从句中用which/that，非限制性定语从句中用which。 4．如果先行词指时间，且定语从句中缺少时间状语，定语从句中用when；如果先行词指地点，且定语从句中缺少地点状语，则定语从句中用where；如果定语从句中缺少的是主语或宾语，则用that/which。 5．无论先行词指人还是指物，只要关系词在定语从句中作定语就用whose。 6．如果先行词指人，“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中的关系词用whom；如果先行词指物，“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中的关系词用which。 [例1]　I was born in New York, _____ is the biggest city of America. [分析]　which　分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，从句中缺少主语，应填关系代词，且先行词指物又是非限制性定语从句，故填which。 [例2]　The number of times “upcycling” has been looked up on the Cambridge Dictionary website has risen by 181% since December of 2011, _____ it was first added to the online dictionary. [分析]　when　分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，从句中缺少时间状语，应选择关系副词，且先行词指时间，故填when。 二.看从句判断关系代词和关系副词 方法 依据 根据从句的谓语动词 若是及物动词，后面无宾语，用关系代词；若是不及物动词，则用关系副词 根据关系词在从句中作的成分 把关系词放进定语从句中，若作主语、宾语或表语，用关系代词；若作状语，则用关系副词 ( 分层提分 ) ( 基础过关 ) 　Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．We can _____ (下载)a movie, old or new, from the Internet within a few minutes. 2．It is known that the People's _____ (共和的)of China was founded on October 1, ... ...