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课件网) Unit 3 UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION To review infinitives and do some exercises. Find all the sentences containing infinitives in the reading passage. Then mark their functions. 1 As the subject (S) 主语 2 As the predicative (P) 表语 3 As the object (O) 宾语 4 As the object complement (OC) 宾补 5 As the attributive (Attr) 定语 6 As the adverbial (Ad) 状语 Suggested Answers: To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for ... Marco Polo’s tales inspired European explorers to search for sea routes from west to east. Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals ... To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today. (S) (OC) (Ad) (S) The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade... Trading has grown greatly ..., and will continue to do so in years to come. ... which will help to greatly develop the whole area for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange. ... there are still many other places left to explore. (P) (Attr) (O) (O; Attr) ... China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic. ... there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects. ... the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future. (Attr; Ad) (Attr) (Attr; Attr; OC) 动词不定式 主动 被动 用法 一般式 to do to be done 表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之后或同时发生的动作 完成式 to have done to have been done 表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作 进行式 to be doing / 表示正在进行的动作，与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生 完成进行式 to have been doing / 表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前一直进行的动作 不定式的构成与形式 不定式是非谓语动词的一种，在句中可以作除谓语以外的其他成分，如主语、宾语、表语、宾补、定语、状语等。 e.g. To say is one thing; to do is another. He wants to know his mother’s secret. My dream is to write a book about my life. The professor asked her assistant to make a detailed plan. The best place to visit in May is my hometown. I returned home only to find she had left. 不定式的用法 不定式作主语和宾语 常跟不定式作宾语的动词： agree, aim, arrange, choose, decide, demand, desire, determine, expect, fail, intend, learn, plan, manage, offer, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, threaten, wish 当主语较长、谓语较短时，常用it作形式主语，而将不定式放到谓语的后面。 e.g. It was wise of you to refuse his invitation. 有些动词既可跟不定式，又可跟v.-ing形式作宾语，但意义有所区别。这类动词有remember, forget, regret, try, mean等。 remember/forget/regret to do remember/forget/regret doing try to do try doing mean to do mean doing e.g. I’m sorry to have done that. I didn’t mean to be so rude. That doesn’t mean reading it too slowly. 记得/忘记/遗憾要做某事 记得/忘记/懊悔做过某事 设法做某事 试着做某事 打算、意欲做某事 意味着…… 不同意义和用法 need / want(想要) to do sth. need / want(需要) / require(需要) + doing =nee ... ...
