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课件网) Unit 1 People of achievement Learning about Language 定语从句 定语从句 定语从句是在句子中担任定语功能，修饰主句中的某一名词或代词的句子。被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词；引导定语从句的词称为关系词。关系词连接先行词与定语从句，并代替先行词在从句中作一定的句子成分，有关系代词和关系副词。 按照先行词的种类，把引导词分为五类： 人： 物： 时间： 地点： 原因： who whom whose which that whose which that when which that where which that why 注意 as引导限制性定语从句的主要结构有:the same.....as;as......as; such......as;so......as。 主句中出现the same, as, such, so修饰先行词,需选择as做关系代词在定语从句中做主语或宾语。 例,It's the same person as we wanted to find yesterday. 注意 只用that不用which 当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被这二者所修饰时，关系代词用that 当先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词用that 当先行词被the only、the very、the same、the last、the one等修饰时，关系代词用that 当主句有who、或which时，为避免重复，关系代词用that 当先行词为something、anything、everything、nothing、none、little、few、all等不定代词时，或由every、all、any、some、much、few、no等不定代词修饰时，关系代词用that 非限制性定语从句 Non-restrictive Relative Clauses 非限制性定语从句的作用 非限制性定语从句只是对先行词的补充、解释或附加说明,即使去掉主句的意思仍然完整。它与主句之间一般用逗号分开,常常翻译成与主句并列的句子。 定语从句 限制性 定语从句 非限制性定语从句 They are dogs which are white They are dogs, which are white 限制性 定语从句 I like dogs. 我喜欢狗子 I like dogs which are ugly. 我喜欢丑丑的狗子 范围变小 限制性 定语从句 The dog hugged mum who loves him. 狗子拥抱了那个爱他的妈妈 The dog hugged mum,who loves him. 狗子拥抱了妈妈，妈妈爱他。 范围不能被缩小 定语从句 限制性 定语从句 非限制性定语从句 缩小一个事物的表示范围 提供有关这个事物的附加信息 按照先行词的种类，把引导词分为五类： 人： 物： 时间： 地点： 原因： who whom whose which whose which when which where which 1.as引导限制性定语从句的主要结构有:the same.....as;as......as; such......as;so......as。 主句中出现the same, as, such, so修饰先行词,需选择as做关系代词在定语从句中做主语或宾语。 例：It's the same person as we wanted to find yesterday. 2.as引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句内容，从句可置于句首、句中、句尾。 例: As everyone knows ,China is a beautiful country with a long history. 3.非限制性定语从句中的谓语动词为被动式时，常用as做主语。 例：be said/known/announced/reported/disscussed...... 友情提醒 as 引导非限制性定语从句时,常用于下列一些固定结构中 as is expected 不出所料 as is mentioned above 正如上面所提到的 as we all know/as is known to all 众所周知 as is reported 正如所报道的 as is often the case 这是常有的事 as has been said before 如上所述 which as 位置上 指代整个主句 指代主句的一部分 句中 指代整个主句 句中、句首、句尾 搭配上 无动词的限制 多用于固定搭配中： as is often the case 这是常有的事 as was expected 不出所料 as often happens 正如经常发生的那样 as is known to all 众所周知 as has been said before 如前所述 as is mentioned above 正如上面所提到的 ... ...
