(
课件网) 板块一 动词 第3讲 情态动词和虚拟语气 考点一 情态动词的基本用法 1.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)To err (犯错) is human. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. You _____ use the following writing exercise to help you do this. 2.(2023·全国乙卷)If we want to reconstruct what was actually going on that day, the shield _____ be questioned and interpreted as deeply and strictly as the written reports. can must 3.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that _____ (help) you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. 4.(2022·全国乙卷)Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy _____ (arrive) at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice. 5.(2022·全国乙卷)It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers (制造商) so they _____ avoid paying the tax. will help would arrive can 1.can/could (1)表示能力,意为“能,会”。 I can’t promise anything, but I’ll do what I can. 我不能许诺什么,但我会尽力而为。 (2)表示请求,意为“能,可以”。 Can/Could you help me with it 你能帮我一下吗? (3)表示许可,意为“能,可以”,与may相近。 (4)表示推测,意为“可能”,常用于疑问句及否定句中。 (5)表示客观可能性。 2.may/might (1)表示请求、许可,比can正式。 May I use your computer 我可以用一下你的电脑吗? (2)表示推测,谈论可能性,might表示语气更不肯定,意为“可能,或许”,一般用于肯定句中。 He might get there in time, but I can’t be sure. 他有可能准时到达那里,但我不敢肯定。 (3)表示希望、祈求、祝愿,通常用“may+主语+v.”。 May all of our wishes come true. 愿我们所有的愿望都能实现。 3.must (1)表示主观看法,意为“必须”,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to。 —Must I give up smoking ———我必须戒烟吗? —Yes, you must./No, you needn’t/you don’t have to. ———是的,你必须。/不,你不必。 (2)表示坚持,意为“偏偏,偏要”。 Must you make so much noise 你非得弄出这么多噪声吗? (3)表示有把握的推测,意为“一定,肯定”,用于肯定句中。 He must be watching the football match. 他一定在看足球比赛。 (4)mustn’t表示禁止,不表示推测,意为“不许;禁止”。 We mustn’t let the water run to waste. 我们不能让水白白流掉。 4.need need意为“需要”,既可作情态动词,又可作实义动词。 (1)need作为情态动词,主要用于否定句和疑问句中,其否定形式为needn’t,意为“不必”。用need提问时,肯定回答为must,否定回答为needn’t。 —Need I go with you ———我需要和你一起去吗? —Yes, you must./No, you needn’t. ———是的,你必须。/不,你不必。 (2)need作为实义动词,此时有人称、数和时态的变化,如果是人作主语,后面多接动词不定式。 He doesn’t need to do it. 他不必做这件事。 5.dare dare意为“敢,敢于”,既可作情态动词,又可作实义动词。 (1)dare作为情态动词,多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中,后接动词原形。 I don’t know whether he dare say that to her. 我不知道他是否敢对她说那件事。 (2)dare作为实义动词,此时有人称、数和时态的变化。 He doesn’t dare to ... ...