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课件网) 非谓语动词 CONTENTS 不定式 01 动名词 02 现在分词 03 过去分词 习题训练 04 独立主格 05 06 01 不定式 判断下面句子哪些是正确的？ Tom was lost in thought, Tom almost ran into the car in front of him. Tom was lost in thought. Tom almost ran into the car in front of him. Tom was lost in thought, so Tom almost ran into the car in front of him. Being lost in thought, Tom almost ran into the car in front of him. × √ 逗号不能连接两个句子 √ 连词可以连接两个句子 √ 一个句子有且只能有一个谓语动词，如果出现多个动词，第二个动词起需要变成非谓语动词 What is 非谓语动词？ 在句子中不能单独做谓语的动词。 包括哪些基本形式？ 不定式 动名词 现在分词 过去分词 doing to do done 各自功能是什么？ 表目的，表将来 表主动，表进行 表被动，表完成 一、不定式的构成和特征 1.构成：to do 2. 否定形式：not to do Man is to live a better life in the next century. I prefer not to finish the homework in a different way. 二、不定式句法功能 1.作主语 To get there by car will take a whole day. =It will take a whole day to get there by car. To get enough money is impossible. =It is impossible to get enough money. 不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 有时候为了保持句子平衡，常用it作形式主语，放到句首，而将作真实主语的动词不定式放到句末。 2.作表语 To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people. To do that would be to cut the foot to fit the shoe. 主语和表语都是不定式（其含义往往一是条件，一是结果） Note:主语是以aim, duty, hope, idea, intention, mistake, plan, proposal, job, suggestion 等为中心词的名词词组，表语用不定式说明其内容。 My idea is to climb the mountain from the north. My suggestion is to start work at once. 2.作表语 Note:在某些句型中，当主语部分有动作动词do 时，作表语的不定式可以省略符号 “to”。（前有do,后无to） All we have to do is push the button. The only thing I can do now is go on by myself. be to blame=should be blamed for “对某事负有责任” She is to blame for the accident. =She should be blamed for the accident. 3.作宾语 （1）动词不定式作宾语常用于下列动词后： want, agree, decide, manage, wish, hope, ask, like, love , choose, promise, continue, plan, learn, expect, offer, prepare, refuse, pretend, attempt, intend, threaten, seek, hesitate, long, desire, fail等。 Tom want to move to another city to live a better life. The couple desire to marry this summer. 3.作宾语 Note: 有些动词后跟动词不定式和动名词作宾语意义截然不同: try, go on, stop, mean, regret, remember, forget等 try to do sth. 尽力去做某事 try doing sth. 试一试，试试看 Try knocking at the back door if nobody hears you at the front door. Try to get there on time. 一般来讲，to do表示未做，doing表示做过 3.作宾语 Note: 有几组动词to do和doing意思区别较大： mean to do sth 打算做某事 mean doing sth 意味着某事 I mean to finish my homework before dinner. The red light means stopping. can’t help doing sth 情不自禁做某事 can’t help to do sth 不能帮忙做某事 I can't help laughing every time I think about the joke. Unfortunately, I can't help to write your ... ...
