2025届高考英语二轮复习语法学习之定语从句素材

2025年高中英语语法学习之定语从句 为什么重点讲述定语从句？ 爱考：定语从句是英语考试中的高频考点，理解并掌握其用法可以提高考试成绩。 爱用：在日常写作和口语中，定语从句被广泛使用，能够增强语言表达的准确性和复杂性。 爱错：定语从句的使用容易出现错误，掌握其正确用法可以避免常见错误，提高语言水平。 定语从句的基本形式及其变形 基本形式：n/pron + 定语从句的引导词 + 不完整句子 变形：n/pron(先行词) + 定语从句的引导词 + 不完整句子(类比宾语从句) 只能用“that”的情况 all/nothing/little/much/few/none/等作先行词： 例句：Much that I learned in the book is very useful. 译文：我在这本书学到的大部分内容是非常有用的。 no/every/some/any/only/very/最高级/序数词 + 先行词： 例句：The only thing that you have to face is to pass every exams. 译文：你必须面对的唯一一件事情就是通过每一次的考试。 关系代词在从句中作表语时，必须用“that”作引导词： 例句：He doesn't seem to be the man that he was. 定语从句是“there be”结构时，其前的关系代词必须是“that”： 例句：The number of mistakes that there are in this homework is surprising. 限定性和非限定性定语从句 限定性定语从句：关系代词前有限定词，则不能用that引导；先行词是人，则用whom；先行词是物，则用which。 非限定性定语从句：永远不出现that；先行词是物，则用which；先行词是人，则用who/whom。 关系代词与关系副词的选择 判断方法：看引导词在句子中所充当的成分。充当名词性成分，使用关系代词；充当状语成分，使用关系副词。 关系副词：包括where、when、while、how。 琐碎的考察 先行词是“the way”时，用that/which，不用how。 引导词作介词的宾语时，用which不用that。 the same as/that对比，用as表示相似，同类事物；用that表示同一个，同一事物。 爱用定语从句的例子 Pumas are large, cat-like animals, which are found in America. LH is young, a student, who is from China. 排比句型与定语从句的结合 例句：College is a fountain where some students come to drink, some to sip, and most come to gargle. 分析：通过排比手法，使用不同的词汇描述了学生对大学的不同态度。 常见错误 从句多了主语、宾语： 错误例句：Chemistry is a science that it deals with the composition and properties of substances. 改正：去掉"it"。 从句少了主语、prep.： 错误例句：He is the professor gave us a speech yesterday. 改正：He is the professor who gave us a speech yesterday. 专项练习的答案解析： 1.Nearly all the streets are in straight lines, from east to west. Those which run from north to south are called avenues. 答案：which 解析：在这个句子中，先行词是“streets”，定语从句“run from north to south”修饰先行词，关系代词“which”在从句中作主语。 2.This is the case, where he’s had all his money stolen. 答案：where 解析：在这个句子中，“case”是先行词，定语从句是“he’s had all his money stolen”，关系副词“where”在从句中作地点状语。 3.Mr. Smith will pay a visit to Beijing this autumn, where we will enjoy the Olympic Games in 2008. 答案：where 解析：在这个句子中，“Beijing”是先行词，定语从句是“we will enjoy the Olympic Games in 2008”，关系副词“where”在从句中作地点状语。 4.The artist will not paint people or animals but he will paint anything that the little girl asks him to. 答案：that 解析：在 ... ...