(课件网) Unit3 Language in use Module 12 Save our world 01 语法探究 02 语法专练 03 课后作业 构词法 1.合成构词法 由两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词,这种构词法叫合成构词法。合成词在英语中比较活跃。合成形容词很常见,多数用作定语,有些作表语;合成名词作主语或宾语;合成动词用作谓语。 合成名词 classroom(名词+名词) blackboard(形容词+名词) handwriting(名词+动名词) afternoon(介词+名词) 合成形容词 worldwide(名词+形容词) man-made(名词+过去分词) good-looking(形容词+现在分词) well-known(副词+过去分词) 合成动词 overcome(副词+动词) download(副词+动词) 合成数词 fifty-four(数词+数词) 合成代词 somebody(不定代词+名词) anything(不定代词+名词) myself(物主代词+名词) 合成副词 downstairs(介词+名词) whole-heartedly(形容词+副词) 2.派生构词法 在一个单词前面或后面加上一个词缀构成新词,这种构词法叫派生构词法。由此构成的新单词叫派生词,加前缀或后缀的单词叫词根。词根是基础,同一个词根加上不同的词缀可以组成不同意义或不同性质的词。加在单词前面的词缀叫前缀,加在单词后面的词缀叫后缀。前缀多改变词义,后缀多改变词性。 前缀 例词 en-(使) enable,enrich un-(不,非;表示否定) unfriendly,unpleasant,uncomfortable dis-(不,非;表示否定) disadvantage,dishonest,disagree in-(不,非) incorrect,informal im-(不,非) impossible,impolite re-(又,再,重来) review,rewrite 后缀 例词 -or /-er /-ian(……人,名词后缀) actor,visitor,singer,musician -ful(充满的……,形容词后缀) successful,beautiful,colourful,wonderful -tion(表示动作、状态,名词后缀) invitation,population,prediction -less(没有、无,形容词后缀) homeless,helpless,careless -y(表示性质,形容词后缀) healthy,cloudy,windy -al(……的,形容词后缀) traditional,national,natural -able(有……特性的,形容词后缀) comfortable,unforgettable -ness(状态、性质,名词后缀) illness,happiness -ly(以某种方式,副词后缀) quickly,happily,slowly 3.转化构词法 一个单词由一种词性转换为另一种词性,这种构词法叫转化构词法。单词的形式没有变,只是词性和意思有变化。 (1)名词转化为动词 show n.展览,展示→ show v.表演,展出 book n.书→ book v.预订 (2)形容词转化为动词 slow adj.慢的→ slow v.使放慢 (3)动词转化为名词 walk v.步行→ walk n.步行 swim v.游泳→ swim n.游泳 一、语法点单句特训。(★) ( )1.The strong girl never felt _____, even in the hardest time when she fought cancer (癌症). A.hopeful B.hopeless C.hoping D.hope ( )2.Wearing earphones for too long does _____to our hearing. A.harmful B.harmless C.harmfully D.harm D B ( )3.It’s careless of you to _____the same mistake once again in the exam, Mary. A.reuse B.reduce C.repeat D.recycle ( )4.The old woman looked _____at her husband when she heard the _____news. A.happy; exciting B.happily; excited C.happy; excited D.happily; exciting ( )5.There is _____bridge over the river. A.a 800-metre-long B.a 800-metres-long C.an 800-metre-long D.an 800-metres long C D C 二、用所给单词的适当形式或中文提示填空。(★) 1.Many people enjoy reading e-books, but I_____ (like) them as they’re bad for the eyes. 2.How (care ... ...