2025届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项虚拟语气 导学案（答案不全）

虚拟语气 第二节　　具体考点解析 【考点一、虚拟语气在条件句中的使用】 　　1）条件句的从句和主句的谓语动词形式表及几点说明 ①条件句的从句和主句的谓语动词形式表 　　　　如果假设的情况与事实相反，或是根本不可能发生或是发生的可能性很小，这就是非真实条件句，即虚拟条件句。虚拟条件句的谓语动词的形式是不同于真实条件句的谓语动词形式的。虚拟条件句有三种情况。 虚拟条件句 主句 例句 与现在事实相反的假设 If+主语+动词的过去式 （be动词用were） 主语+should, would, could, might+动词原形 If I had enough money, I would buy the house. 与过去事实相反的假设 If + 主语+ had +过去分词 主语+should, would, could, might+ have+过去分词 If you had listened to me yesterday, you would have finished the work. 与将来事实相反的假设 ①If+主语+动词的过去式 ②If +主语+were to +动词原形 ③If + 主语+should+动词原形 主语+should, would, could, might+动词原形 If it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off. ②特殊结构的条件句：“If it were not for…”或“If it had not been for…”, 前者与现在事实相反，后者与过去事实相反。相当于but for或without。例如： If it weren't for your help，he could never go to college． If it hadn’t been for the captain’s efforts, the ship could have sunken. ③虚拟条件句的谓语动词形式表的灵活应用 用进行时替换相应的一般时: 如用过去进行时代替一般过去时，表示与现在事实相反。例如： If you were learning to swim, I would take you to watch the match. If we were getting along well with Jack, we should invite him to join us. B．用完成进行时替换相应的完成时: 如用过去完成进行时替换过去完成时，仍表示与过去事实相反。例如： If it had been raining yesterday，I would not have come here． If you had been listening more attentively, you would not have missed so much information. ④ 混合型的条件句 按照条件句的谓语动词形式表，其主句和从句的谓语动词是相互呼应的，有着固定的搭配关系。但有时主句和从句的谓语动词并不相互呼应，这种条件句叫混合条件句。较多见的混合型条件句是从句用过去完成时（指过去行为），而主句用一般时（指目前状态）。例如： He would pass the test if he had taken my advice． If we had driven in turns yesterday, you would feel better now. 2）虚拟条件句的省略情况 ① 省略if的虚拟条件句： 如果虚拟条件句的谓语部分有were，had和should时，可省略if，把were，had和should放到从句主语前面去。例如： Had you not helped me，I should have failed. Had it not been for the timely rain, we would have lost everything. Were it to rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the game. Should they refuse our request, we could show them this picture. ●如果没有were，had和should则不能省略if，当然也不能倒装。 ② 条件从句的省略 He could not fly（if he tried）． If only I had more money！ If only I were a bird! ④ suppose 或 supposing =what if Supposing it were so？（=Supposing it were so，what would happen？） ●suppose后也可用陈述语气。 3）含蓄的虚拟语气 But for air and water，nothing could live． Human beings could perish without the other forms of lives. She would have come here，but she was too busy with her homework． You could have passed the test, but you knew too little. 【考点二、虚拟 ... ...