(
课件网) 非谓语动词 栏 目 导 航 语法过关 考点讲练 好题演练 素养提升 动词不定式 句子成分 用法 例句 ①作主语 位于句首,谓语动词常用单数;或It作形式主语,不定式为真正的主语。常用句型: It is +n.+不定式 It is +adj.+(for/of sb.)+不定式 其中,for指某事对某人来说;of指某人怎么样 To speak English well is hard. It is your responsibility to do the job. It is necessary for you to read. It is kind of you to help me. ②作宾语 在某些动词后接动词不定式作宾语 I hope to travel around the world. 在find, think等词后接不定式作宾语时,常用it作形式宾语,不定式作为真正的宾语放句末 I find it difficult to pass my exam. 作用 用法 例句 ③作宾语补足语 advise, force, persuade等动词后面常接不定式作为宾语补足语,此时宾语与宾语补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系 The doctor advises him to exercise more. 使役动词及感官动词后接不定式作为宾语补足语时须省略to,但变为被动语态时,不可省略to They make the students exercise enough every day.=The students are made to exercise enough every day. I saw a young man enter the room. ④作状语 一般放在谓语动词后面,表示行为的目的、原因和结果,其逻辑主语与句子主语保持一致。常用句型:主+be+adj.+to do sth. She volunteers to help kids learn to read. I'm glad to see you. 作用 用法 例句 ⑤作定语 不定式放在名词、代词后作定语,两者之间常有逻辑上的动宾关系。若不定式中的动词为不及物动词,后应加上相应介词 There is nothing to worry about. ⑥作表语 放在系动词后作表语 My dream is to be an engineer. B D B work hard 动名词 动名词由“动词原形+ing”构成,相当于名词,可以作主语、宾语、表语和定语。 用法 用法 举例 ①作主语 单个动名词作主语时,泛指某种行为,谓语动词用单数形式。常用的句型结构:It is no use(good)+v. ing. Reading aloud(大声朗读) is very important in learning English. It is no use arguing again. ②作宾语 部分动词只接动名词作宾语,如:avoid,consider等,形式为“v.+doing” No matter what happened,I won't give up achieving my dream. 用法 用法 举例 ③作表语 放在系动词后面作表语。 Her job is looking after the children. ④作定语 用于名词前,起修饰、说明作用。 There is a swimming pool in her home. B C D preparing 分 词 分词分为现在分词(v. ing)和过去分词(v. ed)两种。现在分词(v. ing)表示主动(语态)和正在进行(时间);过去分词(v. ed)表示被动(语态)和已经完成(时间)。分词可以在句子中作定语、状语、表语和补足语。 作用 用法 举例 ①作定语 当单个分词作定语时,一般放在被修饰词的前面 It is healthy to drink boiled water. 当分词短语作定语时,一般放在被修饰词之后,功能相当于定语从句 People now like to buy things made in China. 作用 用法 举例 ②做状语 作时间、原因、方式和伴随状语等,通常表示主语正在进行的另一动作 伴随状语:They went to the park, talking and laughing. 时间状语:Having done his homework, he played basketball. ③作表语 分词放在系动词后作表语 The story is interesting. ④做宾语补足语 用于补充说明宾语状态 He had his arm broken. He can hear his heart beating. 现在分词和过去分词的区别: (1)在语态上,现在分词表示主动,过去分词表示被动。 如:a moving film 一部感人的电影,the moved people 被感动的人们。 (2)在时间 ... ...