(
课件网) ENGLISH LESSON Hello sun title TV dog flag table love apple orange one dog star sky two Grammar the infinitive 一、不定式的定义： 不定式是动词的一种非限定形式,由“to+动词原形”构成，没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能独立作谓语。 但不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等。 Definition 动词不定式（ infinitive）是不带词形变化的动词形式。因为该形式内的动词不受主语的时态、人称和数的限定，因此被称为———不定式。 非谓语动词 nonfinite verb 或称 非限定动词，指不受主语的人称、数和时态限定的动词。 不定式、分词、动名词infinitive/participles/gerunds 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 进行式 完成式 完成进行式 动词不定式的时态和语态 to do to be done to be doing to have done to have been done to have been doing Functions 可以充当句子内除谓语外的所有成分 动词不定式 主、宾、定、表、状、（宾）补 非谓语动词 + 独立结构 Functions subject 主 补 状 定 表 宾 + 独立结构 absolute construction predicative attribute object complement adverbial object 1. 作_____: 例句：那样做是很幼稚的. To act like that is childish. =It is childish to act like that To make such a mistake is foolish. =_____ 为避免句子出现 “头重脚轻”现象，常用it 做形式主语，将真正主语的不定式后置。 构成以下结构：It + be + adj. / n. + to do sth.。 主语 It is foolish to make such a mistake. 2. 作_____: 例句： I wish to learn English well. Mankind desire to find out the secrets of universe. I find it difficult to work with Tom. 宾语 常接不定式做宾语的动词有： afford, agree, aim, arrange, ask, attempt, choose, continue, expect, learn, manage, plan, prefer, prepare, promise, prove, refuse, 等. 翻译：我觉得对中国来说花钱探索太空是重要的。 I find it significant for China to spend money in space exploration. 注意以下几组词的区别： (1) remember doing / to do (2) forget doing / to do (3)mean doing / to do 意味着……/打算做 (4)regret doing / to do (5) stop doing / to do Tom was watching TV. But when his father got home, he stopped to do his homework. 3. 作_____: 例句：Father will not allow us to play on the street. My brother asked me to clean the room with him. 宾补 带 to 的不定式做宾语补足语的动词有: ask, beg, promise, permit, request, allow, invite, encourage, advise, persuade, force, order, remind,等. Functions object 02 e.g. Jeremy Lin likes to play basketball. The girl decided to do it herself. We hope to get there before dark. 常见的加不定式做宾语的动词：agree, attempt, choose, claim, dare, decide, demand, determine, expect, fail, hate, hesitate, hope, hurry, intend, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, seem, tend, threaten,want... ENGLISH LESSON TV table love one dog star two The boy attempts _____( learn ) a language by himself. to learn The parents were disappointed _____(know) that their son just gave up before having a try. I’m not sure where _____(go) after being fired. to go to know Functions predicative 03 e.g. All you have to do is _____ (finish) the job quickly. 不定式常用在系 ... ...
