Unit 5 词汇学案 Understanding ideas部分 halfway 合成词 half (一半) + way (n 路)；词块：halfway through dramatically dramatic (adj 戏剧的) + -al + -ly (副词后缀) 词族：drama, dramatic, dramatically heritage 词块：a World Heritage Site inhabitant inhabit (v 居住) + -ant (……人) subsequently subsequent (adj 随后的) + -ly (副词后缀) subsequent: sub- (closely 接近地) + sequ (to follow 跟随) +-ent (形容词后缀) → 紧跟其后的 → 随后的 appetite ap- (to 去) + petit (to seek 追求) + -e → 对食物的追求 → 食欲 / 胃口； 词块：give sb an appetite, lose one’s appetite / have no appetite, an appetite for 隐喻：对食物的“胃口”→ 对事物的“胃口”→ 欲望 multiply multi- (many 多) + ply (to fold 折叠) → 折叠多次 → (使) 大量增加；(使) 繁殖 → 乘 加减乘除：add, subtract, multiply, divide chaos 词源：来自希腊神话故事中的混沌之神卡俄斯 (Chaos)的名字，卡俄斯(Chaos)是希腊神话中最早的的神灵，代表宇宙形成之前模糊一团的景象。 词块：in chaos conservation con- (表示强调) + serve (to keep safe 使安全) + -ation (名词后缀) → 保护 同根词：preserve, observe, reserve 词族：conserve, conservation, conservationist decrease de- (down) + crease (to grow) → 向下长 → 减少 注意动词、名词发音不同 反义词：increase 词块：decrease from … to …, decrease by trap 一词多义，基本义“陷阱”；隐喻：具体的“陷阱” → 抽象的“圈套” 词块：be trapped in departure depart (v 离开) + -ure (名词后缀) 词块：departure time / gate immunity immune (adj 免疫的) + -ity (名词后缀) explode ex- (out 出去) + plod (鼓掌、欢呼) + -e (动词后缀) 词源：古希腊人和古罗马人在观看戏剧时，通过掌声和喝彩声表达喜爱和赞赏之情，而不喜欢演员的表演时，他们也会通过嘘声、倒彩声以及其他各种噪声来表达反感，直到将演员轰下台为止。explode 的本义就是“通过噪声把演员轰下台”。到了18世纪后期， explode 词义慢慢变为“使其突然而又大声地爆发”，后来才完全转变为“突然而又大声地爆发、爆炸”。 词族：explode, explosion, explosive collapse col (together 一起 / 共同) + laps (to slip, fall 滑、落) + -e (动词后缀) → 一起滑落 → 倒塌 / 坍塌 (基本义) substantial 英语释义：large in amount, value or importance 词块：a substantial number of, a substantial salary incident in- (进入、使) + cid (to fall 落下、掉落) + -ent (名词后缀) → 落在人身上的事 → 事件； 同根词：accident accident 多指偶然或意外发生的不幸的事情，incident 尤指不平常的事件，既可指小事件或小插曲，又可指政治上有影响的事件或事变。 intervention inter- (between 在中间) + ven (to come 来) + -tion (名词后缀) → 来到中间 → 干预；介入 owe 一词多义，基本义“应偿还” 词块：owe sb sth / owe sth to sb, owe sth to sth ecology eco- (环境的、生态的) + -logy (……学) 派生词：ecological, ecologist decrease 构词：de- (down) + crease (to grow) → 向下长 → 减少 ■ vt & vi（使）减少；（使）减小： The number of new students decreased from 210 to 160 this year. The price of wheat decreased by 15% last year. People planted trees on the waste hills to decrease water and soil loss. ■ n [C] & [U] 减少；[C] 减少的量 (reduction)： There has been a decrease in imports. There has been a decrease of nearly 6% ... ...
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