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课件网) 第二讲 词形转换 词形转换是高考语法填空的一个重要考查点。在解答此类题目时,一要根据空处在句中所作的成分确定词性:名词在句中常作主语、宾语、表语或定语等,前面可能会有冠词、形容词或者形容词性物主代词修饰;动词作谓语与非谓语;形容词作表语或作定语修饰名词;副词作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。二要根据标志词及语境确定比较等级。三要根据名词前的数词、量词、冠词等修饰语以及主谓一致原则来确定名词的单复数。 如何判定是否考查词形转换 [典例呈现] (2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The latest engineering techniques are applied to create this protective 57._____(function) structure that is also beautiful.The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). functional [解析] 第一步:确定是否考查词形转换。提示词为名词,空处与protective并列,修饰空后的名词structure,因此应考虑词形转换。 第二步:确定转换形式。根据语境及句子结构可知,空处应用形容词形式。 [技法点拨] 第一步:确定是否考查词形转换 提示词为形容词、副词、名词或代词时,要考虑词形转换;提示词为动词,如果该动词在句中既不作谓语,也不作非谓语,则要考虑动词词形转换。 第二步:确定转换形式 根据句式结构以及空处所作成分进一步分析,最终确定正确的词性转换形式,确保名词单复数形式正确,副词、形容词比较等级形式转换正确。 考法1 动词的词形转换 提示词为动词,如果该动词在句中既不作谓语,也不作非谓语,则要考虑动词词形转换。动词转换成名词还是形容词,则要根据句式结构以及空处所作成分进一步分析。 [试做经典] 1.(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)In cold weather, the structure stays _____(close) to protect the plants. closed 考查形容词。空前的stays作系动词,空处作表语,表示“关闭的”,应用形容词closed。 closed 2.(2024·全国甲卷)They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the _____(complete) of their journey. completion 考查名词。根据前面的the和后面的of可知,空处应用名词completion。 completion 3.(2024·浙江卷1月)Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the _____(criticize) that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. criticism 考查名词。提示词为动词,根据空前的定冠词the及空后的定语从句“that they lead to waste”可知,空处应作because of的宾语,空处应用名词形式。 criticism 4.(2024·淄博一模)However, the stable water source ensures a _____(sustain) water supply to the spring. sustainable 考查形容词。设空处在a与名词water supply之间,应用形容词,作前置定语。 sustainable 5.(2024·青岛二模)With a knife, thread, and toothpicks, he then refines it and eventually creates a lifelike and visually _____(strike) dough sculpture. striking 考查形容词。分析句子结构可知,空处修饰名词dough sculpture,应用形容词作定语。 striking 6.(2024·镇江考前保温卷)Different from other parts of China, the themes expressed in Miao embroidery (刺绣) are showy, _____(imagine), and often based on folklores (民俗). imaginative 考查形容词。分析句子结构可知,空处作句子的表语,形容苗绣的主题,应用形容词,imagine的形容词形式为imaginative,意为“富有想象力的”,符合句意。 imaginative 7.(2024 ... ...