题型3 主旨大意题 主旨大意即作者在文章或段落中想要表达的主要内容，是文章或段落的核心思想，也是作者通过行文逻辑和各种细节信息阐明的核心内容。把握主旨大意是英语阅读理解的一项关键能力，对正确理解全文有重要意义。考生在解题时应通过略读捕捉文中的关键词句，把握篇章和段落结构，梳理篇章和段落的行文脉络，从而弄清作者的写作思路，最终归纳出主旨大意。高考阅读理解中，对该关键能力的考查主要有以下三种：归纳段落大意、理解全文主旨和选定最佳标题。 段落大意题 段落大意题主要考查考生对段落核心信息的理解，要求考生在理解段落内容的基础上提炼出核心信息，然后对比选项，选出最契合段落主要内容的选项。段落大意题常见设问形式：What is the first/second/...paragraph mainly about What does paragraph...mainly talk about What does the writer try to express in paragraph... 典例剖析 (2024·新课标Ⅰ，B片段) Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition.After Charlie had a heart attack，Tindale says，she was prepared to put him 关键信息1：案例① to sleep，but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months.And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse，Nappy，“moves more easily 关键信息2：案例② and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment. 串联各句内容，提炼段落主旨： 本段主要介绍了两个整体医学的具体的治疗案例：①Leigh Tindale的狗 Charlie 患心脏病，采用整体医学治疗后，病情好转，能够多活5个月；②Priscilla Dewing家的马Nappy经过整体医学治疗后移动更容易，骑着更舒适了。由此可知，本段主要通过这两个具体的治疗案例来说明整体医学的有效性。 对比分析选项，确定答案： 对比选项发现，D项“整体医学的有效性”与本段主旨最为契合，为正确答案。 26．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about 设问方向：第三段的段落大意 A．Steps of a chiropractic treatment. B．The complexity of veterinarians’ work. C．Examples of rare animal diseases. D．The effectiveness of holistic medicine. 技法归纳 即时演练 A (2023·全国乙，D片段) If you want to tell the history of the whole world，a history that does not ①privilege one part of humanity，you cannot do it through texts alone，because only some of the world has ever had texts，while most of the world，for most of the time，has not.Writing is one of humanity’s later achievements，and until fairly recently even many literate(有文字的) societies recorded their ②concerns not only in writing but in things. 1．What is the first paragraph mainly about A．How past events should be presented. B．What humanity is concerned about. C．Whether facts speak louder than words. D．Why written language is reliable. 语境猜词：①privilege ②concern B (2022·新课标Ⅰ，D片段) ... They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned(对齐)，making it hard to produce labiodentals，which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth.Later，our jaws changed to an overbite structure(结构)，making it easier to produce such sounds. The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture i ... ...
