第十章 主谓一致 在英语中，主语和谓语动词在人称、数方面需要保持一致。主谓一致需要遵守以下三个原则： 语法一致 邻近一致 意义一致 语法一致 语法一致指的是主语是单数形式，谓语动词也用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。 1. 可数名词单数和不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。 The boy likes playing football. Water is very important for our life. 倒装句：On the wall hangs a map. 2. 可数名词复数作主语，谓语动词用复数。 Books are our good friends. 倒装句：Here come three soldiers. 3. 动名词(短语)、不定式、从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Listening to music makes me relaxed. To be a super star is my dream. That he is a thief is known by us. 注：What I need is a good sleep. What we need are good teachers. 4. and, both..and..连接两个不同的主语时，谓语动词用复数。 The writer and the professor are very respectable. Both the singer and the dancer are performing now. 5. “many a /more than one＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Many a student is going to attend the meeting. More than one student has made this mistake. 注：Many students are going to attend the meeting. More than ten students have made this mistake. More students than one have made this mistake. 6. 定语从句中关系代词作主语时，从句中的谓语动词与先行词保持一致。 The boy who is standing there is my brother. The books that are on the table are mine. 对比： Tom is one of the students who have been there. Tom is the only one of the students who has been there. 7. a quantity of / quantities of+可数名词复数或不可数名词和a large amount of / amounts of +不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数和quantity和amount的单复数一致。 A quantity of apples is on the table. Quantities of water are needed. A large amount of information has been collected. Amounts of money were donated to the charity. 8. 由对称部分构成的名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：trousers, pants, shorts, shoes, boots, socks, stockings, glasses,chopsticks, compasses, scissors, gloves等。 His shoes are under the bed. 9. 以复数形式出现的名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：belongings, surroundings, savings, clothes, goods, earnings, thanks, leavings等。 The surroundings of the house are very beautiful. His savings have been used up. 10. 表示个体的不定代词作主语或修饰主语，谓语动词用单数。如：either,neither,each, one, each one, another, the other, something,somebody, everybody, everything, anyone等。 Either/Neither is OK with me. Each has his own dream. Another book is needed. Everybody is here. Let’s get started. 注：each...and each..., every...and every.., no..and no..., many a...and many a..连接的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Each/Every boy and each/every girl has been invited. No teacher and no student was allowed to enter the hall. 注：each作主语或each修饰的词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；如果each在复数主语后作同位语，谓语动词用复数。 Each of us has been to the Great Wall. We each have been to the Great Wall. 注：none作主语，如果指代可数名词复数，谓语动词单复皆可；如果指代不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。 None of the students have/has left school. None ... ...
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