(
课件网) Unit 5 UNIT 5 POEMS Review useful structures To review relative clauses. To be able to understand the structure of a passage. 定义 用作定语的从句 类型 限制性 定语从句 描述主句所涉及的人或物的具体情况，是主句不可缺少的一部分；如省去，主句意 义不完整或失去意义。 非限制性 定语从句 对主句所描述的人或物提供附加情况，起补充说明作用；如省去，主句意义仍完整。 关系词 关系代词 that, which, who, whom, whose, as 关系副词 when, where, why 定语从句 关系代词 that 指物和人 在从句中作主语或宾语 which 指物 在从句中作主语或宾语 who 指人 在从句中作主语或宾语 whom 在从句中作宾语 whose 指人和物 在从句中作定语 as 指物 在从句中作主语 关系副词 when 指时间 在从句中作时间状语 where 指地点 在从句中作地点状语 why 指原因 在从句中作原因状语 引导定语从句的关系词 Some of the first poems (that) a young child learns in English are nursery rhymes. One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem”, which contains a list of thing, people, ideas, or descriptions that develop a particular theme. These are various reasons why people compose poetry. 省略了that which可否替换为that that可否替换为which 1. 当先行词为all、little、much、few、every、everything、any、anything、no、none等不定代词或由它们修饰时，关系代词多用that而不用which。 e.g. Is there anything (that) I can do for you All (that) I want is your advice. There is nothing that can be done. 定语从句中一般不用which作关系代词的情况 2. 先行词前有序数词修饰时，关系代词通常用that不用which。 e.g. The first thing (that) we need to do is to work out a plan. 3. 先行词前有形容词或最高级修饰时，关系代词通常用that不用which。 e.g. That was the best film (that) I have ever seen. 4. 先行词前有the very、the only、the same、the right等修饰时，关系代词通常用that不用which。 e.g. There were no trees growing on Antarctica and no oil, so the only fuel (that) we could use was animal fat. 5. 当主句是以which、who、what开头的特殊问句时，引导定语从句的有关系代词一般用that，而不用which。 e.g. What is the main environmental issue (that) you want to address Which of those books that are on the desk belongs to you 1. 当“介词+ which”在定语从句中作时间、地点和原因状语时，可以用相应的关系副词when, where和why来替换。 关系副词when在从句中通常作时间状语，可用“介词 + which”来替换。 关系副词where在从句中通常作地点状语，也可用“介词 + which”来替换。 关系副词 why在从句中通常作原因状语，可用for which来替换。 “介词+ which / whom”引导的定语从句 e.g. I will never forget the day when / on which I joined the Communist Youth League. Is this the village where / in which the famous scientist was born Sarah didn’t give the reason why / for which she was late for school again. “介 词+ which / whom”引导的定语从句 2. 在“介词 + which / whom”引导的定语从句中， which用于指物， whom用于指人。 注意： “介词+ which / whom”引导定语从句时，介词的选用和它前面的先行词或它后面的从句中的谓语动词的搭配有关。 e.g. This is the teacher from whom we’ve learnt a lot. (from和先行词the teacher构成搭配) The material of w ... ...
