Passage 1 For a 50/50 chance of global warming staying below 1.5°C, we can only emit around 1.5 centigrade, 220 gigatonnes of carbon dioxide, according to the latest estimate. As we pump some 40 gigatonnes of the gas into the air each year, a figure that is still rising, we are on course to exceed this by 2029 or earlier. Joeri Rogelj at Imperial College London says the world must hit net zero globally by 2034 rather than 2050 to have a 50 - 50 chance of keeping warming to 1.5°C. “There are no social or technical scenarios in the scientific literature that even describe how that would be possible.” However, it is still feasible to limit warming to well below 2°C, says Robbin Lamboll, also at Imperial College. If we want to keep warming to 2°C, the world mustn't emit more than 1,200 gigatonnes of CO (GtCO ). This wouldn't be exceeded until 2046 if emissions continue on their current track. How much the planet warms depends largely on the amount of CO in the atmosphere, and “There are no social or technical scenarios that describe how achieving this would be possible” that depends on how much more of it we emit. Based on this, climate scientists can calculate a carbon budget - the amount of CO we can still pump out before warming passes a certain level. The team calculated that the remaining budget, as of January, was around 250 GtCO . Since then, there have been another nine months of emissions, so the remaining budget will already be down to roughly 220 GtCO . One of the main reasons for the reduction from 500 to 250 GtCO is simply that there have been nine more months of emissions since 2020. Most of the rest is due to better estimates of the effects of aerosol pollutants. Such pollutants, such as sulphur dioxide from the burning of fossil fuels, form tiny droplets in the atmosphere that have a cooling effect by reflecting sunlight and altering cloud brightness. There has been a lot of uncertainty about the magnitude of this cooling effect. The study team doesn't expect us to technically pass the 1.5°C threshold until some years after we exceed the budget, says team member Chris Smith at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis in Austria. Even so, there are gains to be had. What is the main idea of the passage A. The impact of global warming on the environment. B. The urgency of achieving net zero emissions by 2034 to limit global warming to 1.5°C. C. The calculation method of the carbon budget. D. The role of aerosol pollutants in climate change. According to Joeri Rogelj, to have a 50 - 50 chance of keeping warming to 1.5°C, the world should _____. A. stop emitting carbon dioxide by 2029 B. limit the total carbon dioxide emissions to 1,200 gigatonnes C. reach net zero globally by 2034 D. reduce aerosol pollutants in the atmosphere Why has the remaining carbon budget decreased from 500 to 250 GtCO A. Because more accurate data about aerosol pollutants' effects has been obtained. B. Because the world has made signific ... ...
~~ 您好，已阅读到文档的结尾了 ~~
