(
课件网) Unit 3 The Internet Period 3 Discovering Useful Structures Warm up Enjoy an English song “Carry on”. Which line of the lyrics uses passive voice Which uses present perfect passive voice But I’d like to think I can cheat it all To make up for the times I’ve been cheated on And it’s nice to know when I was left for dead I was found and now I don’t roam these streets Observing and discovering Activity 1: Read the pairs of sentences. Underline and compare the different verb forms. Jan’s life has been greatly improved by the Internet. Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. The Internet has greatly improved Jan’s life. People have written much about the wonders of the World Wide Web. How do we form the present perfect passive voice have/has been + v-ed Observing and discovering Activity 1: Read the pairs of sentences. Underline and compare the different verb forms. How do we form the present perfect passive voice Verb form Active Passive have/has + v-ed 肯定形式： His homework has been finished. 否定形式： His homework has not been finished. 一般疑问句: Has his homework been finished yet 特殊疑问句： How long has his homework been finished 主语+have/has been done... 主语+have/has not been done... have/has+主语+been done... 疑问词+have/has+主语+been done... 结构形式 现在完成时的被动语态 用法 1. 现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，主语和谓语之间为被动关系，通常与already, yet, just, never, recently等副词连用。例：The machine has already been repaired. 2. 表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于“How long... ”句型中。 例：Financial problems of the company have been discussed for nearly two hours. How long has this film been shown 3. 用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。 例：You shouldn’t leave school before your homework has been finished. 现在完成时的被动语态 注意 1. 现在完成时的被动语态、现在进行时的被动语态及一般过去时的被动语态的区别 The machine has been repaired.（说明动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，“现在修好了”） The machine is being repaired now.（说明动作正在进行） The machine was repaired yesterday.（只说明动作发生在过去） 2. 非延续性动词，如borrow, finish, begin, start, buy, marry, open, join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达相应的意思，则要改换动词或时态。 例：工程已开始三个月了。 The project has been started for three months.（F） The project has been on for three months.（T） 现在完成时的被动语态 提示 常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有： already 已经 yet 已经 recently/lately 最近 since then 从那时起 ever since 自那以来 ever 曾经 so far 迄今为止 by now 到现在为止 for a long time 很长一段时间 in recent years 在最近几年里 in/during/over the past/last years 在过去的几年里 现在完成时的被动语态 总 结 1. 现在完成时的被动语态强调一个发生在过去的被动性的动作， ... ...
