重难语法03 非谓语动词 目录 题型综述 2 解题攻略 2 考点01 不定式 5 考点02 动名词 9 考点03 分词 10 高考练场 15 非谓语动词包括不定式（to do）、动名词（doing）、现在分词（doing）和过去分词（done）。它们在句子中不能单独作谓语，但可以承担其他语法功能。 动词不定式 涉及作主语（如 “It is + adj. + (for/of sb.) to do sth.” 中引导词及形式考查）、宾语（特定动词后接不定式作宾语情况）、宾补（使役、感官动词后 to 的有无）、定语（表将来动作）、状语（目的、结果等情况）的相关用法及形式考查。 动名词 涵盖作主语（主谓一致及形式）、宾语（特定动词短语后接动名词的情况及复合结构）、表语（与主语关系及语法正确性）方面的考查。 分词 现在分词：在作定语（与修饰词主动、正在进行关系）、状语（与主语主动关系及表达逻辑）、宾语补足语（强调动作正在进行）等方面有考点。 过去分词：作定语时与修饰词为被动且动作已完成等情况是考查重点。 一、不定式用法 1. 构成 一般式 to do /被动 to be done 进行式 to be doing 完成式 to have done /被动 to have been done 完成进行式 to have been doing 1. To catch the train, we'd better hurry to the station by taxi. 2. I meant to have finished my work last night, but I didn't feel very well. 3. It has been an honor for me to have been invited to your country. 4. It happened to be raining when I got there. 注意①seem; appear; be said; be supposed; be believed; be thought; be known; be reported等动词常用不定 式。 注意②expect / hope /intend/ mean / promise / suppose / think / want/ wish + 不定式完成时，表示“过去未曾实现的愿望”。 也可以用这类动词的过去完成时来表达“原打算、原以为”之意思。如： I intended to have called on you, but was prevented from doing so. 我原想来拜访你，但没来成。 I expected to have met him here last night. 我以为昨晚能在这里见到他。 I had hoped to meet him at the railway station, but he didn't turn up. 我本希望在火车站接到他但他未露面。 2．用法 To finish that task in such a short time is really a challenge. （主语/形式主语） He managed to solve the complicated problem. （宾语） I feel it a great honor to be invited to speak at the meeting before so many students. （形式宾语） His wish is to become an astronaut. （表语） On Sundays, he always has a lot of letters to write. （定语） She raised her voice to be heard well. （状语） The teacher encouraged the students to take active part in some outdoor activities. 二、动名词用法 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 writing being written 完成式 having written having been written ★ 必背动词 admit 承认 appreciate 感激 avoid 避免 forbid 禁止 consider考虑 delay 耽误 deny 否认 detest 讨厌 endure 忍受 enjoy 喜欢 escape 逃脱 fancy 想象 finish 完成 imagine 想象 mind 介意 miss 想念 postpone推迟 practice 训练 recall 回忆 propose 建议 resume 继续 ban 禁止 risk 冒险 suggest 建议 keep 继续 include 包括 stand 忍受 understand 理解 forgive 宽恕 recommend推荐 advise建议 involve涉及 mention提及 resist 抵制 permit 默许 allow 允许 ★ 必背句型 The children are busy (in) doing their homework. 孩子们忙于做作业。 There is no point (in) making the simple experiments once again. The music is well worth listening to more than once. 这 ... ...
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