(
课件网) Words and Expressions WHAT'S IN A NAME The United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England—many people are confused by what these different names mean. So what is the difference between them, if any Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle. be confused by/about 对…感到迷惑 be confused with 与……混淆 what引导的从句作介词by的宾语，what在从句中作mean的宾语。 if any如果有什么的话 if so如果那样 getting to know...是动名词短语作主语。 Para. 1 In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England. Later, in the 18th century, the country Scotland was joined to create the Kingdom of Great Britain. In the 19th century, the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Most people just use the shortened name: “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”. People from the UK are called “British”, which means the UK is also often referred to as Britain or Great Britain. join...to... 把……和……连接或联结起来 join sb. in doing sth. 加入某人一起做某事 break away (from sb./sth.)脱离；背叛；逃脱 非限制性定语从句 result in导致 result from由于 which引导的非限制性定语从句 refer to...as...把……称为…… Para. 2 定语从句 The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas. They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence. However, they also have some differences. For example, England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland all have different education systems and legal systems. They also have their own traditions, like their own national days and national dishes. And they even have their own football teams for competitions like the World Cup! that引导的定语从句 过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 the same flag ①in defence of 为了保护/保卫...; 为…辩护 in sb’s defence 为……辩护 ②national defence 国防 air defence 空防 self-defence 自卫 ③defend v. 防御；保护；辩解；辩白 defend... from (against)...保护…免受… =protect...from… =prevent...(from)... =stop...(from)... =keep...from... ④defensive adj. 防御的；保护的；保卫的 Para. 3 The United Kingdom has a long and interesting history to explore, which can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions. Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history. The first group, the Romans, came in the first century. Some of their great achievements included building towns and roads. Next, the Anglo -Saxons arrived in the fifth century. They introduced the beginnings of the English language, and changed the way people built houses. which引导的非限制性定语从句 状语从句， ... ...
