中考英语专题复习·定语从句 一、定语从句 定 义：修饰名词或代词的从句，相当于形容词，被修饰的词称为先行词。 关系词：引导定语从句的关系代词（who, whom, whose, which, that）或关系副词（when, where, why）。 从句翻译：...的... 句子结构：......先行词+关系词+从句(包含一个谓语)...... 从句划分：从关系词开始，划到第二个谓语动词（此动词为主句谓语）之前停止，这部分即为从句。 例如：The book which you lent me is interesting. （lent 是第一个谓语动词，is是第二个谓语） 找不到第二个动词，就划到句子结束。说明主句的谓语动词在定语从句前面。 例如：This is the school which I like.（like是从句谓语，is是主句谓语） 关系词的用法 关系代词 指代对象 （在从句中充当的成分） 例句（人教版教材例句参考） who 人（主语/宾语） The man who is talking is my teacher. whom 人（宾语） The girl whom you met is Lily. whose 人或物的所属关系 The boy whose father is a doctor won.（boy’s father） which 物或动物 The book which you lent me is interesting. that 人或物 The dog that barks loudly is mine. 关系副词 指代对象 （在从句中充当的成分） 例句 when 时间（=介词+which） I remember the day when we met. where 地点（=介词+which） This is the house where I was born. why 原因（=for which） Tell me the reason why you are late. 易错点： ①先行词为表地点的名词时，注意区分where和which： → This is the school where I study.（从句缺地点状语; where= in which.） → This is the school which I like.（从句缺宾语; where 指代school, 在从句中做宾语。） ②先行词为抽象地点，用where引导从句： → Life is a journey where we learn and grow every day. 生活就是一场我们每天都在学习和成长的旅程。 （“journey”是抽象的地点概念，where 指代journey，在从句中做地点状语） 特殊规则：只能用that引导 先行词是不定代词（all, something, anything等）或被最高级/序数词/限定词（the only/the last）修饰时 → This is the best movie that I have ever seen. →She told me something (that) I’ll never forget. →She was the only student that passed the exam. 关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略（非正式用法）： → The pen (that) you bought is nice. 二、综合练习题 单选题（共30题）从A、B、C中选择最佳答案。 The boy _____ is playing basketball is my brother. A. who B. which C. whose This is the park _____ we had a picnic last Sunday. A. where B. which C. whose The book _____ you lent me is very interesting. A. who B. / (不填) C. whose Do you remember the day _____ we first met A. which B. when C. whose The woman _____ son won the prize is a doctor. A. who B. whose C. whom Is this the museum _____ you visited last year A. where B. which C. whose All _____ you need is confidence. A. which B. that C. whose The only thing _____ I want is your happiness. A. which B. that C. who The reason _____ he was absent is still unknown. A. why B. when C. which The dog _____ barks every night belongs to our neighbor. A. who B. which C. whose I don’t like people _____ are always late. A. which B. who C. whose The computer _____ I bought yesterday doesn’t work. A. who B. / (不填) C. whose This is the village _____ my grandparents lived. A. which B. where C. that The girl _____ ... ...
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