(
课件网) 高考知识点 精讲与习题 名词短语专项 考点 名词短语的构成 名词短语的功能 名词短语的概念 名词短语的定义 名词短语，也叫名词性短语,英文是Noun Phrase,简称NP.，是名词与他的修饰词一起构成的短语 a good girl 名词短语的构成 a good girl 主体词 （中心词）head word 修饰词 限定词 形容词 adj 名词 n 名词短语的构成 限定词的构成 1.冠词 a book, the book 2.形容词性物主代词 3.名词所有格 4.指示代词 5.不定代词 6.基数词 7.疑问代词 her book one’s book (Tom’s book) that book some books ,another book three books what book, which book 名词短语的构成 限定词 修饰词 中心词 a girl 名词复数（Cs）可省 不可数名词（UC）可省 专有名词 可省 笼统 明显 可省 good girl a/this good girls good news 可省 beautiful China the rich/best 名词短语的构成 一个女孩 a girl 一个可爱的女孩 a cute girl a short cute girl 一个小个子的可爱女孩 a cute short girl 注意：多个修饰词有特定的排序 “县官叔（序数词）叔（基数词）有一个美小圆旧黄的法国木书房” 名词短语的构成 the cute girl in blue jeans 那个穿蓝色牛仔裤的可爱女孩 the cute girl wearing blue jeans the cute girl who is wearing blue jeans 介词短语做后置定语 分词短语做后置定语 定语从句做后置定语 名词短语的构成 那个为所欲为的可爱女孩 那个足够博学的可爱女孩 the cute girl to do what she likes the cute girl wise enough 形容词短语做后置定语 不定式做后置定语 the suspicion that the cute girl is his sister 这个可爱女孩是他妹妹的怀疑 同位语从句做后置定语 名词短语的构成 名词短语构成的公式：左二右六法则 限定词+修饰词+中心词+六类后置定语（介词短语，分词短语，不定式短语，形容词短语，定语从句，同位语从句） 形容词短语(Adjective Phrase)的构成 ① adj. +and/but/or + adj. large and beautiful 大而美的 ② adv. 修饰 adj. 构成形容词短语 extremely cold 极其寒冷 really hard 确实困难 very handsome 非常帅的 quite long 相当长的 ③ adj. + 介词 full of 充满 similar to 与……相似 different from 与……不同 ④ adj. + 不定式 anxious to know 急于知道…… 形容词短语 的构成规则： Adj P的功能： 1:副词+adj： very annoyed; quite suitable 2:adj+enough: formal enough 3:adj+介词： full of/good at/annoyed with 4：adj+and/but+adj: young but wise; long and wide 在句中当作形容词用，作定语修饰名词或代词， 还可以用做表语，状语或者宾语补足语。 eg: 1:The bridge is long and wide today! 2: I found the boy quite handsome. 3: The school bag full of books was new. 4.Afraid of difficulty, he prefers to do the easy math problems. 副词短语的构成规则： 1:副词+adv： very quickly; quite fast 2:adv+enough: well enough; quickly enough 3：adv+and+adv: again and again; Adv P：在句中当作副词用，做状语或者宾语补足语。 eg: 1: All boys run quite fast. 2.You did it well enough. 3. He finished the experiment much more creatively. Activity1. Find and mark the phrases in the sentences that fit the categories below. Then state their functions. 1, The first week was a little confusing. 2, The building is so big that I’m completely lost. 3, The kids over there are putting something on a round paper plate. (NP)主语 (NP) 主语 (NP)主语 (AdjP)表语 (AdjP)表语 (AdjP)表语 ( ... ...
