Unit 2 Lessons in life 学案（含答案）—外研版（2019）选择性必修第四册高二英语下学期期末复习

Unit 2 Lessons in life 学案（含答案）—外研版（2019）选择性必修第四册高二英语下学期期末复习 一、学习目标整合 知识目标 Master the vocabulary and expressions related to life wisdom and experiences. Understand and master the key usages of the passive voice. 能力目标 Improve students’ comprehensive language skills, including listening, speaking, reading, and writing. 情感目标 Develop a positive outlook on life, cultivating qualities like wisdom and resilience. Enhance students’ ability to reflect on life and gain deeper self - understanding. 二、思维导图回顾知识 三、重难知识易混易错 被动语态 一、各种时态的被动语态形式(以do为例) 时态 被动语态 一般现在时 am/is/are＋done 一般将来时 will/shall/be going to/ be to＋be＋done 现在进行时 am/is/are＋being＋done 一般过去时 was/were＋done 现在完成时 have/has＋been＋done 过去完成时 had＋been＋done 过去进行时 was/were＋being＋done 情态动词＋be＋done 二、使用被动语态时应注意的几个问题 1．主动变为被动时，宾语成了主语 ，(作补语的)不定式前需加to (位置不变)。 The coach made the players run five laps. →The players were made to run five laps (by the coach). 2．主动变为被动时，可将双宾语中的任何一个作为主语。 My aunt sent me a beautiful scarf on Christmas. →A beautiful scarf was sent to me (by my aunt) on Christmas. →I was sent a beautiful scarf (by my aunt) on Christmas. 3．短语动词变被动语态时，不要掉“尾巴”(即不要丢掉后面的介词或副词)。 The children were taken good care of(by her)． Your pronunciation and spelling should be paid attention to. 4．情态动词，be going to，be to，be sure to，have to等结构变为被动语态时，只需将它们后面的动词原形变为“be＋过去分词”。 They must finish the project before Friday. →The project must be finished before Friday. 5．当句子的谓语为say，believe，expect，think，know，write，consider，report等时，被动语态有两种形式：(1)谓语动词用被动语态，动词不定式作主语补足语。(2)谓语动词用被动语态，用it作形式主语，真正的主语在后面用主语从句来表示。 People believe she is a talented singer. →She is believed to be a talented singer. →It is believed that she is a talented singer. Scientists think dinosaurs became extinct millions of years ago. →Dinosaurs are thought to have become extinct millions of years ago. →It is thought that dinosaurs became extinct millions of years ago. 三、不能用被动语态的几种情况： (1)表示状态的谓语动词，如：last，hold，contain，fit，cost等。 (2)表示归属的动词或短语，如have，belong to等。 (3)表示“希望、意图、喜好”的动词，如：wish，want，hope，like，love，hate等。 (4)宾语是反身代词或相互代词时谓语动词用主动语态，不能用被动语态。 (5)宾语是同源宾语、动词不定式、动名词等，谓语动词不用被动语态。 四、主动形式表示被动意义： (1)当连系动词feel，look，smell，taste，sound等后面接形容词时；当cut，read，sell，wear，write，wash等作为不及物动词表示主语内在“品质”或“性能”时；当动词表示“开始、结束、关、停、转、启动”等意义时。 The silk shirt feels soft. 这件丝绸衬衫摸起来很柔软。 This book reads easily. 这本书读起来很轻松。 (2)break out，shut off，take place，turn off，work out ... ...