(
课件网) Unit 4 History and Traditions Discovering Useful Structures 【语法感知】 观察并完成下列课文原句 They use the same flag, _____(know) as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence. 2. Most people just use the _____(shorten) name: “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”. 3. They had castles _____(build) all around England, and made changes to the legal system. known shortened built 【归纳填空】 答案: 4. 句1, 句2 5. 句3 【语法精讲】 一、过去分词作定语 1. 过去分词作定语时的位置。 (1)一般情况下, 单个过去分词作前置定语, 即放在被修饰词之前。有时为了表 示强调, 也可放在被修饰词之后。 I like eating fried tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must be easy to cook. 我喜欢吃番茄炒蛋, 我认为这道菜一定很容易做。 This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn ’t a lot of food served. 这一点是值得赞赏的, 因为在乔迁派对上不会提供很多食 物。 (2)过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面, 作后置定语, 其作用相当于 一个定语从句。 Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles(which was made into clothes in different styles). 在新奥尔良和布鲁克林举办的不同寻常的时装展展示了用海狸鼠的皮毛做成的 不同风格的服装。 An actor hired by the researchers (who was hired by the researchers)grabbed her food first. 一名由研究人员雇用的演员先吃了她的食物。 (3)如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时, 即使一个单一的分词作形容词用, 也要放在被修饰词的后面。 *Is there anything unsolved 还有没解决的事情吗 *There is nothing changed here since I left this town. 自从我离开这个城镇以来, 没有什么变化。 2. 过去分词作定语的时态和语态意义。 (1)及物动词的过去分词作定语通常表示被动和完成, 即被修饰词通常是过去分 词所表示的动作的承受者, 且该动作已经完成。 On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation. 在周四《细胞》杂志上出版的一篇 文章中, 一组研究人员报道了一种新型的适应方式。 The 80, 000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum which opened in 1759. 汉斯·斯隆爵士收藏的8万件物品成了开放于1759年的大英博物馆的核心馆藏。 (2)不及物动词的过去分词作定语仅表示完成, 不表示被动。 *On the other hand, I hope to broaden my horizons in this developed country. 另一方面, 我希望在这个发达国家拓宽我的视野。 3. 过去分词(短语)作非限制性定语, 相当于非限制性的定语从句, 用来补充说明被修饰词的情况, 通常用逗号与主句隔开。 *I ’m writing to invite you to join us in seeing a film, called My people, My country. 我写信邀请你和我们一起看一部电影, 叫作《我和我的祖国》。 过去分词作定语 (1)单个过去分词前加一名词或副词, 常用连字符将它们连接起来构成一个复合 形容词, 放在其修饰的名词前, 作前置定语。分词前加的名词表示分词的动作或 行为主体, 所加的副词表示方式、时间、程度、性质等意义。 We will visit some of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world. 我们将会参观一些世界上保护最好的罗马建筑。 *Having travelled ... ...
