(
课件网) Period 3 Discovering Useful Structures Unit 4 History and Traditions Learning aims To learn the past participles as the attribute and the object complement. 1. Analyse the sentences below in the text and find out the past participles. And then discuss their functions. Most people just use the shortened name: “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”. They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack,... They had castles built all around England,... as the object complement as the attribute as the attribute Leading-in The United Kingdom, Great Britain, England— many people are confused by... They conquered England after the well-known Battle of Hastings in the 11th century. as the attribute as the attribute 过去分词或过去分词短语在句中可作定语或宾语补足语。 Past Participles as the Attribute (1) tired visitors a well-organised trip beautifully dressed stars 2. Complete the phrases in the right column by using the past participles in the left column. Compare the meaning of each pair of phrases. Past Participles as the Attribute (2) visitors _____ of the long wait/... a trip _____ well by my workplace/... stars _____ beautifully at the event/... tired organised dressed Past Participles (1) 过去分词一般表示完成的和被动的动作。 规则动词的过去分词由动词原形加-ed构成；不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的构成规则。 过去分词一般在句子中可以用作定语（the attribute）、宾语补足语（the object complement）、表语（the predicative）和状语（the adverbial），但不能单独构成谓语。 Grammar 及物动词的过去分词作定语通常表示被动和完成，即被修 饰词通常是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者，且该动作已经完成。 I took part in the celebration held by our school. (=which was held by our school). 我参加了学校举办的庆祝活动。 2. 不及物动词的过去分词作定语仅表示完成，不表示被动。 The fallen leaves of the wood cover the ground when in fall. 秋天时, 小树林的落叶覆盖着地面。 一、过去分词作定语的时态和语态意义 3. 过去分词（短语）作非限定性定语，相当于非限定性定语从句，用来补充说明被修饰词的情况，通常用逗号与主句隔开。 The bridge, built last year. (=which was built last year), is in use now. 这座桥，去年建成，现在已通行。 二、过去分词作定语时的位置 1. 一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在被修饰词之前。有时为了表示强调，也可放在被修饰词之后。如： The polluted water was to blame for the spread of cholera. 污染了的水造成了霍乱的传播。 2. 过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，即放在被修饰词之后。 The river polluted by daily waste is now dirty and smelly. 被日常垃圾污染的河水现在脏且难闻。 【即学即练】 1. The first engine_____(drive)by steam was invented by James Walt, an inventor, engineer, and chemist. 2. It is dangerous for the villagers to drink from wells _____(pollute) with poisonous chemicals. 3. Rosemary shares her _____(pack) lunch with two friends every day. 4. Westminster Abbey is a typical Gothic church, _____(complete) in the 10th century. 5. These are English text books specially _____(design) for primary school students. 6. In ... ...
