(
课件网) The present perfect and the simple past Present–observe–analyse–summarize The present perfect and the simple past The present perfect and the simple past 现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，着眼点在现在，而一般过去时单纯地描述过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在没有直接的关联。如： She has just had her lunch. 她刚吃过午饭。（表示她现在不饿。） She had her lunch two hours ago. 她两小时前吃了午饭。（仅说明事实，不知道她现在饿不饿。） 现在完成时通常不与表示过去时间的词语连用，如yesterday, last week, then, three days ago, in 2000等。如： （×）I have visited the Bund yesterday/last week/three years ago/in 2000. （√）I visited the Bund yesterday/last week/three years ago/in 2000. The present perfect and the simple past 如果与表示“到现在为止的某个/任意时间”的词语连用，如ever, before, never, yet, recently, already, lately等，通常用现在完成时。如： I have never seen that film. I have read the book recently. The present perfect and the simple past 现在完成时也可以表示过去开始的动作一直持续到现在，并且可能还会继续下去。此时，它常与连词 for或since连用，也与延续性动词搭配，用于表明动作或状态持续的时间。而一般过去时通常表示过去某个时间点或时间段内完成的动作，动作在过去就已经结束，一般不强调持续性。如: You have helped me a lot. 你已经帮了我很多忙了。（到目前为止） My grandmother took good care of me. 我外婆曾悉心照顾我。（在她活着的时候） has lasted → lasted have been → were have had → had has started → started learnt → has learnt opened went bought have never been visited have seen bought have read 3 The two pictures show a room before and after the captain asked his soldiers to clean it. Work in groups. Follow the example and create a conversation using the present perfect tense. S1: Have you made the bed S2: Yes, we have. S1: Have you swept the floor S2: ... 1. Maria _____ never _____ (be) to Paris. 2. His grandfather _____ (die) ten years ago. 3. I’m not hungry. I just _____ (have) dinner. 4. I _____ (know) her since I was little. 5. Li Hui _____ (study) English since he was (be) seven. 6. She _____ (live) in Guangzhou since 1996. 7. —_____ you ever _____ (be) to London —Yes, I _____ (go) there last year. 8. Shenzhen _____ (change) a lot in recent years. 9. Time flies—we _____ (live) in the same house for 20 years now! 10. Someone _____ (steal) my neighbour’s bike yesterday. More practice 用所给词的适当形式填空。 has died had have known has studied has lived been went has changed have lived been Have stole More practice 阅读短文，用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 A few years ago, my family _____ (move) to a new city. I didn’t know anyone there, and I _____ (feel) very lonely the first year. My parents were a bit worried. They thought I should take part in some after-school activities, but I never _____ (find) anything that interested me. One day, however, a classmate mentioned a local dance group and asked if I wanted _____ (go) there wi ... ...
