第二章 名词性从句 i.主语从句 1. that 从句作主语通常用it作形式主语，常见的此类主语从句结构有: 1)“It+ be+名词(如a pity/ fact/ problem/ shame/ surprise, no wonder等)+ that从句”。 2)“It+ be+形容词(如natural, certain, clear, obvious, apparent, evident, necessary, true, likely, probable, possible, strange ，important 等) + that从句” 注意:当形容词是important, natural, necessary, strange, essential, surprising 等时，从句谓语用“(should) +动词原形" , should可省略。 3)“It+不及物动词(如seems, turns out, happens, appears, follows, occurs to sb.等)+ that从句” 4)“It+ be过去分词(如: known, said, reported, believed, announced, accepted, acknowledged, found, claimed, declared, estimated, thought, hoped, suggested 等)+that从句” 当过去分词是suggested, demanded, required, commanded, recommended, ordered等词时,从句谓语用“(should)+动词原形”, should可省略。 注意: 在正式文体中,为了强调that从句,可将that从句置于句首,此时that 不可省略。2)在疑问句中只能用形式主语it结构。 2. wh-从句 1)表示“是否”意义时,只能用whether不能用if引导主语从句。 2)it经常用来作形式主语，而把wh-从句放在句尾，常见的结构为:It is not yet clear wh-... It is strange wh-... It is uncertain wh-.... It is not known wh-... 3) wh-从句经常可以放在句首。 专项练习 ( )1. she couldn't understand was fewer students showed interest in her lessons. What; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that ( )2.It worried her a bit her hair was turning gray. A. while B. that c. if D. for ( ) 3. It is pretty well understood controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today, that B. when c. what D. how ( )4. man first made use of electricity is not exactly known. When B.If c. That D. What ( )5. we will have a meeting hasn't been decided yet. A.If B. That c. What D. Whether ( )6. we are saying is more than we will do. That; that B. What; what C. Whatever; that D. As; as ( )7. leaves last turns off the light. Who B. Whoever C. No matter who D. Whomever ( )8. wins the prize may get the car. Who B. Whom C. Whomever D. Whoever ( )9. a pity that I didn’t see you last week. That's i B. What's C. It's D. There's ( ) 10. she will come is certain. A. That B. What C. / D. Whether ( )11. we go swimming every day us a lot of good. whether; do B. That; do C. That; does D. whether; does ( )12. has questions can ask the teacher after class. A. Who B. Whoever C. Anybody D. One ( )13. is one of the most useful and fascinating divisions of human knowledge is widely accepted. Where chemistry B. That chemistry C. What chemistry D. Chemistry ( ) 14. It's known to us chewing gum helps prevent tooth decay. why B. that C. whether D. how ( ) 15. Does matter if he cant finish the job on time this B. that c. he D. it ( )16. water can be used to electricity is true. A.That; producing B. That; produce C. This; producing D. /; produces ( ) 17. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, our astronauts desire to do is to walk in space. where B. what c. that D. how ( ) 18. It is doubtful he knows it or not. that B. if C. w ... ...
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