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课件网) Unit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind Grammar in Use 学习目标 通过朗读与观察了解否定前缀与need的用法。 通过总结与练习巩固否定前缀与need的用法。 通过练习活动知道良好的生活习惯对健康的重要性。 What’s wrong with you I _____. I eat too many hamburgers today. Eating too many hamburgers is unhealthy. You need to eat more vegetables. have a stomachache healthy 健康的→ unhealthy 不健康的 need to do sth. 需要做某事 新课讲授 I also stay up late playing games. An improper habit does harm to your health. You need to sleep early. ·stay up late to do 强调的是熬夜的 目的性,表示某人为了做某事而熬夜。 ·stay up late doing 则更侧重于描述 熬夜过程中持续进行的某个具体行为。 proper 恰当的→ improper 不适当的 need to do sth. 需要做某事 Now, let's learn more prefixes(前缀) and how to use 'need' in our textbook. healthy 健康的→ unhealthy 不健康的 proper 恰当的→ improper 不适当的 need to do sth. 需要做某事 ↓ ↓ un-, im- 为否定前缀,它们可以改变单词的含义, 表示否定、相反或缺乏的意思。 Prefixes non-, dis-, un-, mis-, in- and im- Grammar Ⅰ Look at the pictures and read the sentences. Pay attention to the words in bold. Seafood may seem to disagree with some people. Hamburgers may taste delicious, but it is unhealthy to eat too many of them. It is incorrect to do sports with an empty stomach. He became a non-smoker in order to keep healthy. Activity 1 Compare the words and guess the meanings. smoker agree correct incorrect healthy dislike impossible nonstop misplace uncomfortable nonsmoker disagree unhealthy The prefixes non-,dis-, un-, mis-, in- and im- usually express the opposite meaning of the original words. 一、概念:前缀是加在单词开头的词缀(affix),用于 改变原词的含义,但不改变原词的词性。 二、用法特点: ·改变词性: e.g. happy (adj. 开心的) + un- → unhappy (adj. 不开心的) smoker (n. 吸烟者) + non- → nonsmoker (n. 不吸烟者) ·拼写规则:前缀与原词结合时,一般不改变原词的拼写 e.g. possible (adj. 可能的) + im- → impossible (adj. 不可能的) ·语境区分:同一前缀可能有多种含义,需结合语境判断。 e.g. un- 既可表否定(unhappy),也可表逆转动作(unlock 解锁)。 Prefix 前缀 三、常见前缀分类及用法(按语义功能) 1. 否定前缀(表示 “不、非、无”)最常用的一类, 用于否定原词的含义。 前缀 含义 常见搭配 (原词→派生词) 例句 un- 强烈否定, 常带贬义 “不/非” healthy → unhealthy (不健康的) happy → unhappy (不开心的) Eating junk food is unhealthy. non- 中性否定,仅表示“无/非” smoker → nonsmoker (不吸烟者) stop → nonstop (不停的) He took a nonstop train to Shanghai. dis- 表示相反/剥夺 “不、相反” agree → disagree (不同意) like → dislike (不喜欢) She disagrees with this plan. Prefix 前缀 三、常见前缀分类及用法(按语义功能) 1. 否定前缀(表示 “不、非、无”)最常用的一类, 用于否定原词的含义。 前缀 含义 常见搭配 (原词→派生词) 例句 in- 不(常用于除r、l、b、m、p以外的其他字母开头的单词) correct → incorrect (不正确的) direct → indirect (间接的) It’s incorrect to lie to(撒谎) your parents. im- 不(用于以 p/b/m 开头的词 ... ...