2026年中考英语长难句训练第十一天

2026年中考英语长难句训练第十一天 原句一：When the archaeologists who had been working on the Longmen Grottoes restoration project for years found that some ancient carvings were damaged by environmental factors like water seepage and acid rain, they developed a special preservation method that combined traditional stone-carving techniques with modern 3D scanning technology, which has become a model for cultural heritage protection worldwide.（2025河南） 一、句子成分与结构填空题（共 6 处） 句首"When the archaeologists who had been working on the Longmen Grottoes restoration project for years found that..." 是_____从句，引导词是_____，表示_____关系，从句中 "had been working" 使用_____时态（填时态名称）。 "who had been working on the Longmen Grottoes restoration project for years" 是_____从句，引导词是_____，修饰的先行词是_____，引导词在从句中作_____成分。 "that some ancient carvings were damaged by environmental factors" 是_____从句，由_____引导，在主句中作_____成分。 "that combined traditional stone-carving techniques with modern 3D scanning technology" 是_____从句，引导词是_____，修饰的先行词是_____。 "which has become a model for cultural heritage protection worldwide" 是_____从句，引导词是_____，修饰的先行词是_____（填整个句子或具体名词）。 并列结构 "combined...with..." 连接的两个宾语是_____和_____。 二、填空答案与解析 答案：时间状语；When；时间（当…… 时）；过去完成进行时 解析：When 引导时间状语从句，强调主句动作 "developed" 与从句动作 "had been working" 的时间关系。"had been working" 是过去完成进行时，表示“多年持续修复”的动作在“发现损坏”之前已持续进行，如 "She had been studying for 5 hours before the exam." 答案：定语；who；archaeologists；主语 解析：who 指代先行词 "archaeologists"，在从句中作主语（执行“修复”的动作），修饰“多年致力于龙门石窟修复的考古学家”，引导词不可省略（作主语时必须保留）。 答案：宾语；that；宾语 解析：that 引导宾语从句，作主句谓语 "found" 的宾语，说明考古学家“发现的内容”。that 无实际意义，从句用一般过去时被动语态 "were damaged"，呼应主句时态。 答案：定语；that；preservation method 解析：that 指代先行词 "preservation method"，在从句中作主语（方法结合了传统与现代技术），修饰“特殊保护方法”，引导词不可省略。 答案：非限制性定语；which；整个主句（they developed a special preservation method...） 解析：which 指代主句所述“开发保护方法”这一创新举措，在从句中作主语，用逗号隔开，不可用 that 替换，如 "The project succeeded, which amazed everyone." 答案：traditional stone-carving techniques；modern 3D scanning technology 解析：combined...with... 连接两个并列宾语，前者为传统石雕技艺，后者为现代 3D 扫描技术，体现“传统与现代结合”的保护理念。 三、句子结构成分详细分析 1. 主句 主语：they（考古学家） 谓语：developed 宾语：a special preservation method 定语从句：that combined...technology（修饰 method） 非限制性定语从句：which has become...（修饰主句整体） 2. 时间状语从句 引导词：When 主语：the archaeologists 定语从句：who had been working...（修饰 archaeologists） 谓语：found 宾语：that 引导的宾语从句（some ancient carvings ... ...