Unit 2 Getting along 语法精讲精练 答案解析 一、单项选择题 1. C "Have...been"表示曾经去过（已回来） "went"表示过去具体时间的动作 2. D "for nearly three weeks"表示持续时间 需用延续性动词"keep"，borrow/lend/buy都是非延续性动词 3. B "has gone to"表示去了某地还没回来 "has been to"表示曾经去过（已回来） 4. D since引导的从句用一般过去时"came" 主句用现在完成时"has worked"表示持续到现在 5. C yet提示用现在完成时"Have...done" "ten minutes ago"提示用一般过去时"finished" 6. B "before"表示到现在为止的经历，用现在完成时 7. C "for ten years"表示持续时间 die是非延续性动词，需用"has been dead" 8. A "so far"提示用现在完成时"have studied" 9. B 强调过去动作对现在的影响（钥匙不见了），用现在完成时 10. C yet提示用现在完成时"Have...copied" "two hours ago"提示用一般过去时"did" 11. D "for three years"表示持续时间 join是非延续性动词，需用"been in" 12. A "this year"表示到现在为止的时间段 用现在完成时"have been"表示去过几次（已回来） 13. B 条件状语从句用一般现在时"stops" 主句用一般将来时"will plant" 14. D "for two weeks"表示持续时间 需用延续性动词"have kept" 15. B yet提示用现在完成时"Have...had" "half an hour ago"提示用一般过去时"had" 二、用括号内单词的正确形式填空 1. haven't seen (for a long time提示用现在完成时) 2. has been (since last week提示用现在完成时) 3. have lived (since 2010提示用现在完成时) 4. joined; has been (two years ago用一般过去时；for two years用现在完成时) 5. Have; read; read (yet提示用现在完成时；last month用一般过去时) 6. hasn't finished; is doing (yet提示用现在完成时；now提示用现在进行时) 7. has been dead (for ten years需用延续性表达) 8. have known (since提示用现在完成时) 9. has learned (for about five years提示用现在完成时) 10. have seen (twice表示到现在为止的经历) 三、句型转换 1. haven't; yet (现在完成时否定句，already改为yet) 2. How many; has (对次数提问用how many times) 3. How long (对时间段提问用how long) 4. began (has been on for half an hour=began half an hour ago) 5. Has; gone (现在完成时一般疑问句) 6. seen; yet (现在完成时一般疑问句，already改为yet) 7. have had (for two days需用延续性动词have) 8. What have; visited (对宾语提问用what) 9. have; since (现在完成时结构：have+过去分词，时间状语用since) 10. Has; had; yet; hasn't (现在完成时一般疑问句及否定回答)Unit 2 Getting along 语法精讲精练(含解析) 现在完成时 (一)要表达某一行为或状态从过去某时间一直持续到现在，我们也可以借助现在完成时。例如： I have had the dog for three months now. 这条狗我现在已经养了三个月了。 We have played football for a year now. 我们现在已经踢了一年的足球了。 I have been like this since Friday. 从周五开始我就一直这样。 I have not done much exercise since I got my computer last year. 自从去年有了电脑，我就没怎么锻炼了。 从以上例句可以看出，在表示行为或状态从过去一直持续到现在时，通常要与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，这类状语通常由for或since引导。需要注意的是，for后接一段时间，如for a long time, for five years等；而since后多接时间点，如since August 2023, since yesterday, since two o'clock等。 （1）since的用法 since+一个时间点/一段时间+ago/从句 Mr. Smith has worked here since 198 ... ...
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