Unit 3 My School语法：There be 句型 & 方位介词（重难点、易错点 真题 强训）（含解析）人教版（2024）七年级英语上册

新七上U7语法： There be 句型 & 方位介词 （重难点、易错点+中考真题+强化训练） 一、There be 句型 就近原则！ （一）定义 There be 句型表示 “某地有某物 / 某人”，强调 “存在”， 结构： There + be 动词（is/are/was/were）+ 主语 + 地点状语 be 动词的单复数由主语的单复数决定，遵循 “就近原则”（即 be 动词与靠近它的主语保持一致）。 （二）重点 1. be 动词的时态变化： 一般现在时：主语单数 / 不可数名词用is，主语复数用are； 一般过去时：主语单数 / 不可数名词用was，主语复数用were。 句型结构： 肯定句：There + be 动词（is/are/was/were）+ 主语 + 地点状语 否定句：There + be 动词（is/are/was/were）+not + 主语 + 地点状语 is not=isn't；are not=aren't；was not=wasn't；were not=weren't 一般疑问句：Be 动词（Is/Are/Was/Were）+there + 主语 + 地点状语 肯定回答：Yes, there is/are/was/were. 否定回答：No, there isn't/aren't/wasn't/weren't. 就近原则：当主语有多个且由 “and” 连接时，be 动词与最靠近它的主 语一致。 例：There is a book and two pens on the desk.（靠近 be 动词的 “a book” 是单数，用 is） 练习1：就近原则应用（5 题） There _____ a pen and some paper on the desk. (is/are) _____ there any apples and a banana in the basket (Is/Are) There _____ two girls and a boy in the photo. (is/are) There _____ a book, a ruler and two erasers in my bag. (is/are) _____ there a library and three classrooms on this floor (Is/Are) （三）难点 1. There be 句型与 “have/has” 的区别： There be 表 “存在”，无所属关系； have/has 表 “拥有”，有所属关系。 例：There is a park near my home.（存在） I have a new bag.（拥有）。 2. 特殊疑问句：用 “What + be 动词 + 地点状语？ ” 提问存在的事物。例：What is on the table （桌子上有什么？） 练习2：There be 与 have/has 辨析（5 题） Our classroom _____ two blackboards. (has/there are) _____ a big tree in front of our school. (There is/Has) My father _____ a new car. _____ a red car in our garage. (has/There is) _____ three bedrooms in this house. It _____ a small garden too. (There are/has) The library _____ many books. _____ a lot of students in it now. (has/There are) （四）易错点 误用 “have/has” 代替 There be： 错句：The room has a window. 正确： There is a window in the room.（表存在应用there be句型） 忽略就近原则： 错句：There are a pen and three pencils in the box. 正确：There are a pen and three pencils in the box. （靠近 be 动词的 “a pen” 是单数，应用 is） 地点状语缺失或错误： 错句：There is a cat. 正确：There is a cat on the sofa.（需补充地点） 练习3：There be 句型练习（10 题） There _____ a map on the wall. (is/are) There _____ two chairs and a desk in the room. (is/are) _____ there a library in your school (Is/Are) There _____ not any milk in the glass. (is/are) There _____ some books on the shelf yesterday. (was/were) _____ there any trees in the park last year (Was/Were) There _____ a football match tomorrow. (will be/is going to be)（提示：一般将来时结构） The classroom _____ 40 desks. (has/there are)（区分 have 与 There be） There _____ a dog and two cats under the bed. (is/are)（就近原则） —Is there a post office near here —No, ____ ... ...