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课件网) 高考一轮复习（英语) 语法之非谓语动词 （Non-finite-verb) 非谓语动词的三基本形式: to do(不定式), doing(现在分词 / 动名词), done(过去分词) 基本用法: to do: 表将来表目的; doing: 表主动表进行; done: 表被动表完成 非谓语动词 动词的两个基本用法：谓语(形式多样化)和非谓语 1. Leaving a store, I returned to my car only to find I had locked my keys and cell phone inside. 2. He says that when it comes to learning Chinese, writing comes first. 3. Getting your children to stop lying is challenging. 4. The first step toward overcoming anything is to become aware of it. 非谓语动词 判断句子中的动词是谓语还是非谓语 1. 分析句子成分，找出所有动词，根据动词形式确定所设空格是谓语动词还是非谓语动词 (看动词与动词或句子与句子之间有无连接词 / 引导词) 2. 找出相关动词的逻辑主语，确定该动词与逻辑主语的关系(主动/被动) 3.搜索句子中的相关时间信息，确定非谓语动词的恰当形式。 不定式、动名词和现在分词都有时态和语态的变化. 非谓语动词 非谓语动词的解题方法 1）不定式（to do）的形式 非谓语动词用法 不定式 主动语态 被动语态 与谓语动词的关系 一般式 to do not to do: 否定形式 to be done not to be done 动作发生在谓语动作之后 进行式 to be doing not to be doing 与谓语动作同时发生 完成式 to have done not to have done to have been done not to have been done 动作发生在谓语动作之前 完成进行式 to have been doing not to have been doing 发生在谓语动词之前并且持续到谓语动词发生时仍在进行 (1)作主语:表示具体的、一次性或尚未完成的动作。常用it作形式主语，to do不定式作真正的主语。 To see is to believe. (to do 不定式作主语，谓语动词用单数) 非谓语动词用法 2）不定式（to do）的用法 注意: it作形式主语, to do 不定式作真正的主语的句式。 It be+adj.(描写不定式动作的特征或特点) + (for sb.) + to do sth. It be + adj.(侧重于评价人物的特性，特征) + of sb. to do sth. It is / was / seems / appears + n.(pity, pleasure, idea...) to do sth. It takes / took sb. +时间段 to do sth. 非谓语动词用法 kind, nice, foolish, generous, brave, polite, wise... It is right (for you) _____ (give up). It is generous of him _____ (contribute) so much. It is a great pleasure _____ (talk) with you. It took me three hours _____ (finish) the task. 非谓语动词用法 to give up to contribute to talk to finish (2) 作表语: 表示将来的具体动作或状态 My dream （wish/ goal...)is _____ (enter) Peking University. (3)作宾语: ①常用不定式作宾语(v. + to do)的动词有: afford, agree, determine, decide, refuse, expect, hope, manage, want, fail, wish, pretend, promise, happen, would like, offer, choose, plan, learn.... 非谓语动词用法 to enter Soon the villagers couldn’t afford _____ (buy) food for themselves. I managed _____ (get) the ironing done this morning. ②动词tell, show, understand, know, explain, teach, learn, advise, wonder, find out...常接疑问词(when, what, which, how, where..) +to do (作宾语) Please show me how to do that. I can’t decide which to buy. 非谓语动词用法 to buy to get ③ it作形式宾语,to do不定式作真正的宾语的句型 think / feel / find / make / consider / regard ... + it(形式宾语) + ... ...
