(
课件网) 词性及句子 The crucial Chinese traditional festival The Mid-autumn Festival will falls on September 17, which we are looking forward to. crucial autumn festival falls September look 词性分类 句子成分 目 录 CONTENTS 2 1 简单句 3 词性分类 1 词类 作 用 例 词 1.名词(n.) 人或事物的名称。 2.代词 (pron.) 代替名词、数词等。 3.形容词(adj) 人或事物的特征或性状。 4.数词(num.) 数目或顺序。 5.动词(v.) 动作或状态。 6.副词(adv.) 动作的特征或性状特征。 7.介词(prep.) 名、代和其他词之间的关系。 8.连词(conj.) 连接词与词或句与句的作用。 9.感叹 (interj.) 表示强烈的感情 10.冠词(art.) 用来限制名词的意义 student, book, dancing, painting he, him, his, himself clever, stupid one, first be, read, sing, dance, paint cleverly, stupidly at, for, on, in, to and, or, because, so oh, wow a, an, the 句子成分 2 定义 :构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和修饰成分; 主要成分:主语、谓语、表语、宾语、 修饰成分:定语、状语、补足语、同位语 Members of sentences 句子成分 主语———放句首 我是一家之主,我做主语。 主语 句子所叙述的主体,说明动作是“谁、什么”发出的,一般位于句首。 I am the head of the family. Seeing is believing. To see is to believe. Members of sentences 句子成分 谓语———动词,主语后 没有我就没有家,我是最重要的谓语动词。 谓语动词 说明主语的动作、状态和特征,一般由V.充当,英语句子的灵魂 I saw the flag on the top of the hill. He can speak English well. She doesn’t trust her sister. We are Chinese. 实义动词或动词短语 情态动词 + 动词原形 助动词 +动词原形 系动词(妆感正持续变好) I have a best friend. Her name is Jenny. We look after each other. But she doesn’t like talking too much. She can keep quiet for a whole day. 单个实义动词 系动词 动词短语 助动词+动词原型 情态动词+动词原型 宾语———及物动词或介词后 我叫宾语。我是妈妈生的,所以老跟在妈妈后面。 宾语 Members of sentences 句子成分 动作的对象或承受者 She didn’t say anything. I enjoy dancing/painting. I live in the dormitory. She gives us some bread. = She gives some bread to us. enjoy 及物动词 + 宾语 live 不及物动词 + 介词 + 宾语 双宾语———间人(直宾物,间宾人) Members of sentences 句子成分 表语———系动词后 在家里爸爸是主语,但是有的时候还是要听爷爷的。 表语 说明主语的身份,特征和状态。 I was a senior one student last year. The song sounds great. Your choice proves to be right. You should keep silent in public. She became a teacher. They seems to know the answer. 状态:be 感官:look, sound, smell,taste, feel… 证明:prove 持续:keep, remain, stay… 变化:become, grow, turn, get 好像:seem, appear Members of sentences 句子成分 宾语补足语: object complment 妈妈忙不过来了,所以就请了位奶奶专门照看我,给家里补充个帮手,奶奶就叫宾补。 宾补 对宾语身份和状态补充说明,使句子的意义完整。常见于固定搭配中 She asked the baby to stop crying. 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语 commit oneself to doing ask sb. to do see sb doing Members of sentences 句子成分 定语(名词/代词前后) “…的” 修饰或限制名词或代词,分前置定语(词)和后置定语(词组或句子 ... ...