(
课件网) 第六讲 主谓一致 主谓一致：谓语动词和主语在人称和数上保持一致 考点1：语法一致原则 谓语的单复数和主语的单复数形式要一致。 主语单数，谓语动词就用单数， 主语复数，谓语动词就用复数。 注意： 1.不可数名词、单数名词或不定代词、动词不定式、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。 The water is dirty.(不可数名词) This book is mine.(单数名词) Each student has a bed.(不定代词) To see is to believe.(动词不定式) Smoking is bad for health.(动名词) What you need is to have a good sleep.(主语从句) 【特殊用法】 what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式。 但若从句后的表语是复数形式或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。 What you need is to have a good sleep. What I bought were three English books. What I say and what I think are none of your business. 2.and 或 both…and… 连接并列主语时，谓语动词用复数。 He and I are classmates. Both John and Ann have got books. 【特殊用法】 (1) 并列主语如果表示同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式（这时and后的名词前没有冠词） Their teacher and friend is Mr. Li. The manager and secretary is here. (2)and 连接的单数主语前如果分别被each、every等修饰，其谓语用单数形式。 In our country, every boy and every girl has the right to receive an education. 3. 当主语后接（together）with、 as well as、except、besides、including等短语时，谓语与前面的主语一致。 An English teacher, with some student ,has climbed to the top of the mountain. Mary as well as her friends likes this painting. 4. 在定语从句中，关系代词that、who、which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数保持一致。 如：This is a school that has many students. Sandy likes the actors who are popular among the teenagers. 注意：在以“one of the +复数名词”为先行词的定语从句中，从句谓语用复数，当“one of the +复数名词”前有the only、the very之类的词修饰时，从句谓语用单数。 如：Bob is one of my friends who help me with English. He is the only one of the officials who was invited to the party. 4. “a lot of/the rest of/some of/most of/all of+名词”构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词的数要和of后面的名词保持一致。 如：Some of the sugar is wet. The rest of the students are from Class 5. 注意：（1）当all 单独作主语时，表示“人”时，谓语用复数，表示“整个事件或情况”时，谓语用单数。 如：All are present. All is well. (2)“a number of+复数名词”意为“许多”作主语时，谓语用复数，“the number of+复数名词”意为“...的数量”作主语时，谓语用单数。 如：A number of buildings were burnt down. The number of students in our school is 2500. 5. 由“分数/百分数+of+名词”构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词的数要和of后面的名词/代词保持一致。 30 percent of the students in our class are girls. 70 percent of the surface of the earth is covered by water. 考点2：意义一致原则 1.谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达的内在含义 也就是说，有时主语名词在虽然是单数，却有着复数意义，其后的谓语动词便用复数。反之亦如此。 (1).形单意复的名词，如 people、police、等作主语时，将其当作复数看待，谓语动词在任何情况下都用复 ... ...
