08.专项八 动词和动词短语学案（含答案）2026年中考人教版英语语法专项复习

专项八　动词和动词短语 河北中考考情分析 河北近六年的中考真题对动词的考查主要涉及实义动词、情态动词和感官动词的辨析及用法。对动词短语的考查主要是：1.同一动词＋不同介词/副词；2.不同动词＋同一介词/副词；3.不同动词＋不同介词/副词。这些考查主要出现在完形填空和短文填空中。预计2026年河北中考的完形填空还会考查动词(短语)词义辨析。近六年考查频次：情态动词6年4考，动词词义辨析6年16考，动词短语辨析6年9考。 Ⅰ.根据句意，填入适当的单词 (2025河北改编)While the students were discussing what the answer was，Mr.Johnson always waited _____ their reply patiently. (2024河北改编)From that day on，Rick decided to give _____ playing video games and take some exercise every day.Later Rick fell in love with sports. (2024河北改编)Lin Ming stood at the school gate and waited _____ his sister. (2023河北改编)We are supposed to put _____ our hand before we speak in class. (2022河北改编)—Michael，try _____ this shirt. —Oh，it looks nice on me! (2020河北改编)Some volunteers are going to clean _____ the central park.Let's join them. Ⅱ.用适当的情态动词填空 (2024河北改编)—Look！Is that girl Alice —No，it _____ be her.She is on a tour in Beijing now. (2023河北改编)If we _____ find a better way，we'll finish the job faster. (2022河北改编)—Do I have to hand in my report now —Of course，you _____．We're going to discuss it. (2020河北改编)_____ you smell something burning？Go and see what's happening. 考点一　实义动词 实义动词按其后是否需要接宾语，可分为及物动词和不及物动词。 分类 用法 示例 及物动词 带一个宾语 If you have any questions，you can raise your hands. 你们如果有任何问题，可以举手。 带双宾语(间接宾语＋直接宾语，间接宾语常指人，直接宾语常指物) My parents gave me a nice gift on my birthday.(＝My parents gave a nice gift to me on my birthday.)我的父母在我生日那天给了我一份精美的礼物。 I will buy you a new dictionary.(＝I will buy a new dictionary for you.)我会给你买一本新词典。 带复合宾语(宾语＋宾语补足语) Please keep the door open.请开着门。 Our teachers tell us to study hard.我们的老师告诉我们要努力学习。 不及物动词 不带宾语 They are running on the playground.他们正在操场上跑步。 后加介词，再带宾语 Please look at the blackboard and listen to me.请看黑板，听我说。 从方框中选择合适的动词并用其适当形式填空 drop，enter，waste，rise，believe，separate，create，afford When using a washing machine，you'd better _____ white clothes from colored ones. The temperature will _____ to 3℃ tomorrow.You'd better wear more clothes. The government has done a lot to _____ more jobs for the university graduates. The Chinese _____ that a one thousand mile journey starts with the very first step. As students in Grade Nine，we are too busy to _____ a holiday before the final examination. We must stand up to show our welcome when a guest _____ the house. I don't want to _____ my time talking with her.It's like playing the lute to a cow. Luckily，no one was hurt，but the smoke from the fire _____ straightly up in the air. 考点二　系动词 类别 词语 含义 示例 状态系 动词 be 是 The boy is very cleve ... ...