
连词and/but/or语法详解+专项练习 语法详解 (一)连词的定义与分类 连词是用来连接单词、短语、句子的虚词,不单独作句子成分。外研版七上Starter单元重点讲解并列连词and、but、or,它们用于连接并列关系的成分,是构成简单句和并列句的基础。 (二)并列连词and的用法 and表顺承、并列、递进关系,意为“和、又、而且”,是Starter单元最常用的连词。 连接两个或多个单词 连接并列的名词、代词、形容词、动词等,Starter单元中多用于连接校园用品名词。 例:a book and a notebook(一本书和一个笔记本)、I have a pencil and a marker.(我有一支铅笔和一支马克笔)。 连接两个短语 例:on the shelf and under the chair(在书架上和在椅子下)、draw pictures and colour them(画画和给它们涂色)。 连接两个句子 表顺承的动作或因果关系,后一句是前一句的延续或结果。 例:I walk into the classroom, and I sit down at my desk.(我走进教室,然后坐在我的座位上);She practices every day, and she becomes a good singer.(她每天练习,所以成为了一名好歌手)。 用于固定搭配 both...and...(两者都):Both the teacher and the students are happy.(老师和学生们都很高兴)。 and so on(等等):We have books, pens, rulers and so on in our classroom.(我们教室里有书、钢笔、尺子等等)。 (三)并列连词but的用法 but表转折关系,意为“但是、然而”,连接的两部分内容语义相反或相对。 连接两个单词或短语 例:The bag is light but the box is heavy.(包很轻,但箱子很重);She is quiet but she has a lot of ideas.(她很安静,但她有很多想法)。 连接两个句子 前后句语义形成对比,是七年级上册的核心考点。 例:I want to go out, but it's raining.(我想出去,但天在下雨);He has a lot of money, but he doesn't spend it wisely.(他有很多钱,但他花钱不明智)。 注意点 but不能与though/although(虽然)连用,如不能说Though she is busy, but she helps me.(正确:Though she is busy, she helps me. / She is busy, but she helps me.)。 (四)并列连词or的用法 or表选择、否定条件关系,意为“或者、否则”,是Starter单元的重点拓展内容。 表选择关系:意为“或者”,用于选择疑问句或陈述句中。 选择疑问句:Do you want a cup of tea or a glass of water (你想要一杯茶还是一杯水?);Is the bag red or green (包是红色还是绿色的?)。 陈述句:You can choose to stay at home or go out with me.(你可以选择待在家里或者和我出去)。 表否定条件:意为“否则”,用于警告、建议的语境中。 例:Put on your coat, or you will catch a cold.(穿上你的外套,否则你会感冒);Listen carefully, or you won't understand the lesson.(认真听,否则你会听不懂这节课)。 用于固定搭配 either...or...(要么……要么……):Either you come with me or you stay here alone.(要么你跟我来,要么你独自待在这里)。 or else(否则,要不然):Finish your project on time, or else you will get a bad grade.(按时完成你的项目,否则你会得到一个坏成绩)。 (五)Starter单元高频易错点 连词与并列成分的一致性 错误:She likes to run and swimming.(并列成分形式不一致,应为She likes to run and swim. / She likes running and swimming.)。 关键:and连接的并列成分需保持词性、形式一致。 but与and的误用 错误:I have a lot of work, and I don't have time to rest.(语义转折,应用but,应为I have a lot of work, but I don't have time to rest ... ...
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